this third volume in the WORLD LITERATURE AND THOUGHT series contains an astonishing variety of primary reading selections. The anthology features literary, historical, and philosophical works that reflect a global diversity of all major civilizations. In the West it begins with literature of the Renaissance and ends at the dawn of the twentieth century. In the East it starts with a fifteenth-century poem by Jami, the last of the major writers of classical Persian literature, and ends with Vietnamese and Indian writers who exemplify the rising tides of nineteenth-century nationalism. Africa is also well represented in chronicles, epics, and tales. America is included with a significant number of selections.

Introduction to the World Literature and Thought Series

ix

Preface to The Modern World to 1900

xiii

A Note on Pronunciation of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese

xv

PART ONE: New Vitality

1

(92)

Yusuf and Zulaikha (Persian)

3

(9)

Jami

The Prince (Italian)

12

(23)

Niccolo Machiavelli

Lyric Poetry of the Renaissance

35

(23)

Michelangelo Buonarroti (Italian)

36

(3)

Garcilaso de la Vega (Spanish)

39

(3)

Sir Thomas Wyatt (English)

42

(3)

William Shakespeare (English)

45

(7)

Lope de Vega (Spanish)

52

(2)

Andrew Marvell (English)

54

(4)

Memoirs (Turkish)

58

(13)

Babur

Lives of the Artists: Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo Buonarroti (Italian)

71

(22)

Giorgio Vasari

PART TWO: Celebrating Past Grandeur

93

(92)

The Epic of Askia Mohammed (Songhay)

95

(17)

The Mwindo Epic (Nyanga)

112

(24)

Three Kingdoms (Chinese)

136

(15)

Lo Kuan-chung

Atsumori (Japanese)

151

(8)

Seami Motokiyo

Songs (Hindi)

159

(11)

Mirabai

Os Lusiadas (Portugese)

170

(15)

Luis Vaz de Camoes

PART THREE: The Reality of Everyday Life

185

(94)

The Book of Travels (Turkish)

187

(11)

Evliya Chelebi

The Water Margin (Chinese)

198

(10)

Lo Kuan-chung

The Narrow Road to the Interior (Japanese)

208

(12)

Matsuo Basho

Korean Poetry of the Yi Dynasty (Korean)

220

(11)

Hwang Chin-I

221

(1)

Yi I

222

(2)

Im Che

224

(1)

Yun Son-do

224

(4)

Yi Myong-han

228

(3)

Lazarillo de Tormes (Spanish)

231

(14)

Don Quixote (Spanish)

245

(14)

Miguel de Cervantes

The Golden Lotus (Chinese)

259

(11)

Wang Shih-chen

The Dream of the Red Chamber (Chinese)

270

(9)

Tsao Hsueh-chin

PART FOUR: The Re-Examination of Tradition

279

(88)

Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation (German)

281

(16)

Martin Luther

A Mighty Fortress Is Our God (German)

296

(1)

St. Ignatius of Loyola Spiritual Exercises (Spanish)

297

(4)

On the Late Massacre in Piedmont (English)

301

(5)

John Milton

Life Is a Dream (Spanish)

306

(14)

Pedro Calderon de la Barca

Primal Book (Punjabi)

320

(14)

Ramcharitmanas (Hindi)

334

(18)

Tulsi Das

The Song of Bagauda (Hausa)

352

(15)

PART FIVE: Reason, Science, and Societal Organization

367

(130)

The New Instrument of Knowledge (Latin)

370

(14)

Francis Bacon

Discourse on Method (French)

384

(7)

Rene Descartes

Poems (Spanish)

391

(6)

Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz

Candide (French)

397

(31)

Voltaire

The Interesting Narrative (English)

428

(14)

Olaudah Equiano

Cecilia Valdes (Spanish)

442

(18)

Cirilo Villaverde

The Communist Manifesto (German)

460

(21)

Karl Marx

Friedrich Engels

Fortunata and Jacinta (Spanish)

481

(16)

Benito Perez Galdos

PART SIX: Gods, Humans, and Nature

497

(242)

Native American Literature (Quechua, Cherokee, Assiniboine, Comanche, Navajo)

499

(14)

African Oral Literature (Fulani, Igbo, Yoruba, Ijaw)

513

(22)

African Poetry (San, Khoisan, Hausa, Zulu, Igbo, Swahili, Somali)

535

(26)

African-American Tales

561

(8)

Emile (French)

569

(21)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Reflections on the Revolution in France (English)

590

(18)

Edmund Burke

Romantic Poetry of the Nineteenth Century (English)

608

(20)

William Wordsworth

611

(6)

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

617

(4)

John Keats

621

(1)

Walt Whitman

622

(6)

Hir (Punjabi)

628

(19)

Varis Shah

Diwan (Urdu)

647

(10)

Ghalib

The Tale of Kieu (Vietnamese)

657

(11)

Nguyen Du

My Bondage and My Freedom (English)

668

(20)

Frederick Douglass

Civil Disobedience (English)

688

(13)

Henry David Thoreau

The Brothers Karamazov: The Grand Inquisitor (Russian)

701

(21)

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Beyond Good and Evil (German)

722

(17)

Friedrich Nietzsche

PART SEVEN: Cultural Encounters

739

(31)

Columbus and his Spanish Successors (Spanish)

741

(12)

Christopher Columbus

742

(3)

Friar Bartolome de Las Casas

745

(3)

Bernal Diaz del Castillo

748

(5)

Journals (Italian)

753

(5)

Matteo Ricci

Cultural Encounters in South and West Asia: A Historical Essay

758

(7)

Surjit Dulai

Autobiography (German)

765

(5)

Solomon Maimon

Coney Island (Spanish)

770

Jose Marti

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