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9780787270735

Disasters : An Analysis of Natural and Human-Induced Hazards

by
  • ISBN13:

    9780787270735

  • ISBN10:

    0787270733

  • Edition: 4TH
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2000-07-01
  • Publisher: Kendall Hunt Pub Co
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Table of Contents

Preface ix
The Learning Environment x
Benefits to the Student x
Introduction: Perspectives of Disasters xi
PART 1: Disasters Involving the Lithospher and Surface Materials 1(38)
Earthquakes
3(14)
Causes of Earthquakes
3(1)
Geographical Occurrence of Earthquakes
4(1)
Earthquake Energy and Waves
5(1)
Intensity and Magnitude
6(1)
Earthquake Hazards
7(1)
Earthquake Prediction
8(9)
The Managua Earthquake (Nicaragua, December 23, 1972): A Test Case for Interacting Factors
9(1)
The Loma Prieta Earthquake
10(3)
The Kobe Earthquake of January 17, 1995
13(1)
The Izmit Earthquake of August 17, 1999
14(3)
Volcanoes
17(10)
Formation of Volcanoes
18(1)
Geographical Distribution of Volcanoes
18(1)
Volcano Types and Activities
19(1)
Volcanic Hazards
20(1)
Prediction of Volcanic Eruptions
21(6)
The Heimaey Eruption (Iceland; January 23, 1973)
22(2)
The 1991 Eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines
24(3)
Landslides and Avalanches
27(12)
Basic Mechanics of Slides
28(1)
Major Types of Earth Material Failures
29(2)
Landslides in Southern California
31(1)
Land Subsidence
32(1)
Snow Avalanches
33(1)
Avalanche Requisites
33(1)
Avalanche Types
34(1)
Trigger Mechanisms for Avalanches
35(4)
PART 2: Disasters Involving the Hydrosphere 39(24)
Tsunami Waves and Storm Surges
41(12)
Formation of Tsunamis
41(1)
Tsunami Characteristics
42(1)
Tsunami Disasters
43(2)
Threats from Space
45(2)
Origin of Storm Surges
47(1)
Nature of Surges
48(1)
Storm Surge Disasters
48(5)
River and Urban Floods
53(10)
Causes of Floods
54(1)
Nature of Floods
55(3)
The Great Mississippi Basin Flood of 1993
57(1)
Flash Floods
58(1)
Dam Failures
59(1)
Urban Flooding
59(4)
Ellicott Creek: A Complex Flood Problem
61(2)
PART 3: Disasters Involving the Atmosphere 63(42)
Hurricanes and Tornadoes
67(10)
Development of Hurricanes
67(1)
Hurricane Characteristics
68(1)
Hazards Associated with Hurricanes
69(2)
Modification of Hurricanes
71(1)
Formation of Tornadoes
71(2)
Tornado Characteristics
73(2)
Occurrence of Tornadoes
75(1)
Tornado Warning Systems
75(2)
Thunderstorms and Lightning
77(10)
Causes of Thunderstorms
77(3)
Occurrence of Thunderstorms
80(1)
The Nature of Lightning
81(1)
Lightning Types
82(2)
Lightning Hazards
84(3)
Dust Storms and Blizzards
87(8)
Causes of Dust Storms
88(1)
Dust Storm Types
89(1)
Blizzards
90(1)
Blizzard Disasters
91(4)
The Buffalo Blizzard of 1977
92(3)
Aviation Hazards
95(10)
Air Turbulence
97(2)
Violent Downdrafts and Wind Shear
99(1)
Altimeter Errors
100(2)
High-Latitude Aviation
102(1)
Arctic Flying Hazards
103(2)
PART 4: Disasters Involving the Biosphere 105(34)
Drought and Desertification
107(12)
The Nature of Drought
109(2)
The American ``Dust Bowl''
111(1)
``Virgin Lands'' Project, Khazakhstan (Former Soviet Union)
112(1)
Desertification and Desertization
112(7)
The El Nino - La Nina Phenomenon
114(3)
The Sahel Disaster
117(2)
Forest Fires
119(12)
Ecological Assessment of Fire
120(1)
Causes of Forest Fires
121(1)
Types of Forest Fires
122(2)
Forest Fire Behavior
124(2)
Fighting Forest Fires
126(2)
Catastrophic Forest Fires
128(3)
Selected Threats to the Biosphere
131(8)
The Locust Plague
131(2)
The Destruction of Tropical Rainforests
133(2)
Introduction of Non-Native Species
135(4)
PART 5: Man-Induced Disasters 139(68)
Some Major Global Concerns
141(12)
World Population Growth
142(1)
Food for How Many?
143(2)
Depletion of Natural Resources
145(3)
The Waste Avalanche
148(5)
Environmental Deterioration
153(22)
Humankind: A Powerful Force of Change
154(2)
Urbanization: Creating a New Habitat
156(1)
Urban Weather and Climate
157(2)
Changes in the Air Around Us
159(1)
Carbon Dioxide: A Growing Threat
160(1)
The Greenhouse Effect
160(2)
Air Pollution and Acid Precipitation
162(3)
Upper Atmosphere Ozone Depletion
165(1)
Poisoning the Earth
166(1)
Industrial Accidents
167(1)
Hazardous Waste Disposal
168(7)
Love Canal: A Case Study
169(6)
The Impact of War
175(24)
Human Conflict and Aggression
175(1)
The Evolution of Weaponry
176(3)
The Intensification of Warfare
179(1)
The Signatures of Battle
180(6)
The Gulf War
184(2)
Chemicals at War
186(2)
Fire-Death of Cities: Firestorms
188(4)
Instantaneous Obliteration: The Nuclear Bomb
192(3)
A Difficult Afterthought
195(1)
End of the J-Curve?
195(4)
Social Aspects of Disasters
199(8)
Taking Risks
199(1)
Vulnerability to Hazards
200(2)
Disaster Health Studies
202(1)
Human Reaction to Disasters
202(1)
Facing the Future
203(2)
Concluding Thoughts
205(2)
Glossary 207(12)
References 219(12)
Index 231

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