Preface | |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Historical-Political Approach | |
Model Systems | |
Why Compare Systems of Justice Cross-Nationally? | |
Basic Values in the Criminal Process | |
Political Culture vs. Politicized Justice | |
The Crime Problem | |
Families of Law | p. 26 |
The Civil Law | |
The Common Law | |
Socialist Law | |
Islamic Law | |
Six Model Nations | p. 44 |
England | |
France | |
Germany | |
The Former Soviet Union | |
Japan | |
Saudi Arabia | |
Law Enforcement Functions and Organization | p. 62 |
Two Functions of Police | |
Functional Organization of Police Forces | |
Militarism in Police Organizations | |
Policing a Democracy | |
Police and Community | p. 85 |
The Need for Mutual Respect | |
Police and Community in Japan | |
Professionalism and Community Relations | |
Community Policing | |
Police and Community in the Former Soviet Union | |
Community Approval as a Function of Good Times | |
Constitutional Review | p. 102 |
Constitutional Review in the Model Countries | |
Beyond Constitutional Review: The European Court of Human Rights | |
Criminal Procedure | p. 120 |
Common Law Criminal Procedure: The Adversary System | |
Criminal Procedure in Civil Law Countries: The Inquisitorial System | |
Criminal Procedure in Socialist Systems | |
Japan: The Hybrid Situation | |
Islamic Criminal Procedure | |
Rights of the Accused in Action | |
Legal Actors | p. 141 |
The Legal Profession | |
Bureaucratic Organization and Political Organization of Legal Actors | |
The Legal Profession in the Model Systems of Justice | |
Courts and Trials | p. 161 |
The Concept of a Court | |
Development of Courts in Western Nations | |
The Study of Courts | |
Courts in England | |
Courts in France | |
Courts in Germany | |
Courts in the Former Soviet Union | |
Courts In Japan | |
Courts in Saudi Arabia | |
After Conviction: The Sentencing Process | p. 184 |
The Purposes of Criminal Sanctions | |
Sentencing Practices | |
Public Opinion and Sentencing | |
After Conviction: The Problem of Prison | p. 206 |
The Evolution of Prison Systems | |
Overcrowding | |
Rights of Prisoners | |
Penal Policy in the Model Nations | |
Abortion Law | p. 224 |
Policy Implications | |
Implementation of Policy | |
Abortion Law in Western Countries | |
Abortion Law in Non-Western Countries | |
Terrorism | p. 233 |
Terrorism in the Model Nations | |
Terrorism and Politics: Two Case Studies | |
Conclusion: The Response to International Terrorism | |
Organized Crime and Drugs | p. 246 |
What Is Organized Crime? | |
The Scope of the Organized Crime Problem Worldwide | |
Organized Crime as an International Criminal Justice Issue | |
"Traditional" Criminal Syndicates | |
The Organized Drug Trade | |
Conclusion | p. 262 |
Convergence | |
Cultural Persistence | |
Political and Policy-Making Processes | |
Works Cited | p. 269 |
Acknowledgments | p. 277 |
Index | p. 279 |
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