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9781568028255

Regional Guide to International Conflict and Management From 1945 to 2003

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9781568028255

  • ISBN10:

    1568028253

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2004-11-30
  • Publisher: Cq Pr

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Supplemental Materials

What is included with this book?

Summary

Regional Guide to International Conflict Management from 1945 to 2003 provides global, regional, and specific information on the over 350 international conflicts that have occurred since World War II. ''''At the heart of the book are comprehensive regional sections, each of which includes: ''''An essay providing regional context and highlighting the interrelation of countries and conflict in that area''Summaries of each conflict in the region, arranged chronologically and covering history, circumstances, players, management, and outcome''References for further research.''''''Introductory chapters examine global patterns and trends in international conflict and how conflict is managed, including ethnic conflict and the expanded role of the United Nations. Tables, figures, maps, and a comprehensive index round out this valuable resource. ''''Regional Guide to International Conflict and Management from 1945 to 2003 gives readers the tools and content necessary for understanding and analyzing international conflict in todayÆs world. Perfect for political science, comparative government/politics, international relations, and world history programs.''''''''

Author Biography

Jacob Bercovitch is professor of international relations at the School of Political Science and Communication at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand.

Table of Contents

Figures, Tables, and Maps
xix
Preface xxi
Acknowledgments xxii
An Overview of International Conflict
1(48)
The Nature of International Conflict
3(10)
Understanding International Conflict Management
13(21)
International Organizations and Regional Conflicts
34(15)
Regional Conflicts
49(254)
Africa
51(66)
List of Conflicts
51(2)
Countries in the Region
53(1)
Regional Overview
54(2)
Overview of Conflict
56(1)
Conflict Management
57(3)
Madagascar--France: Nationalist Rebellion March--August 1947
60(1)
Eritrea--Ethiopia: Eritrean Nationalism and Agitation for Independence July 1949--December 1950
60(1)
Tunisia: Tunisian Independence and African Nationalism January 1952--March 1956
61(1)
Kenya--United Kingdom: Anticolonial Tribal Uprising and Mau Mau Revolt August 1952--December 1963
61(1)
Algeria: The Fight for Independence November 1954--March 1962
62(1)
Morocco--Spain: Postindependence Autonomy and the Sahara Conflict November 1957--April 1958
62(1)
France--Tunisia: Postindependence Autonomy and Military Bases Conflict February--May 1958
63(1)
France--Tunisia: French--Algerian Border Incidents February--August 1959
63(1)
Mauritania--Mali: Hodh Region Conflict Mid-1960--February 1963
63(1)
Congo (Zaire): Secession, Anarchy, Civil War, and the Belgian Congo Crisis July 1960--Mid-1964
64(1)
The African Territories--Portugal: African Nationalism and Independence Struggle 1961--July 1975
65(1)
Tunisia--France: Postindependence Autonomy Dispute in Bizerte July--September 1961
65(1)
Somalia--Kenya/Ethiopia: Somali Expansionism and Separatist Insurgency November 1962--September 1967
66(1)
Sudan: Southern Separatism, Anya-Nya Terrorism, and the First Sudan Civil War September 1963--March 1972
66(1)
Morocco--Algeria: Territorial Dispute and the Tindouf War October 1963--February 1964
67(1)
Niger--Dahomey (Benin): Lete Island Dispute December 1963--June 1965
68(1)
Somalia--Ethiopia: Somali Expansionism, Separatist Guerrilla Fighting, and the First Ogaden War January--March 1964
68(1)
Rwanda--Burundi: Postindependence Ethnic Violence Between the Hutu and Tutsi January 1964--January 1965
69(1)
France--Gabon: Military Putsch, French Military Intervention, and Aubame's Coup February 1964
69(1)
Ghana--Upper Volta: Ghanaian Border Dispute June 1964--June 1966
69(1)
Eritrea--Ethiopia: Eritrean Nationalism and War of Secession 1965--May 1993
70(1)
Ghana--Togo: Ghanaian Expansionism and Border Incidents January--May 1965
71(1)
Uganda--Congo (Zaire): Rebel Activity and Border Incidents February--March 1965
71(1)
Chad--Sudan: Internal Strife, Sudanese Intervention, and the First Chad Civil War November 1965--1972
71(1)
Namibia: Violent Insurrection, War, and Independence Struggle 1966--March 1990
72(1)
Ivory Coast--Guinea: Coup Plot March--April 1966
72(1)
Ghana--Guinea: Nkrumah's Ouster and Postcoup Tensions October--November 1966
73(1)
Rhodesia: African Nationalism, Guerrilla Warfare, and Zimbabwe's Struggle for Independence 1967--January 1980
73(1)
Guinea--Ivory Coast: Regional Rivalry and Hostage Crisis February--September 1967
74(1)
Nigeria--Biafra: Ethnic and Regional Rivalries, Secession Attempt, and the Biafran Civil War July 1967--January 1970
74(1)
Congo (Zaire)--Rwanda: Regional Instability and the Mercenaries Dispute August 1967--April 1968
75(1)
Guinea--Portugal: PAIGC Guerrilla Warfare and the Conakry Raids November 1970
75(1)
Uganda--Tanzania: Postcoup Border Clashes January 1971--October 1972
75(1)
Equatorial Guinea--Gabon: Territorial Dispute over the Corisco Bay Islands June--November 1972
76(1)
Ethiopia--Somalia: Somali Expansionism, Territorial Dispute, and the Second Ogaden War Mid--1972--1985
76(1)
Morocco--Mauritania: Saharan Nationalism, Territorial Dispute, and the Western Saharan Conflict October 1974--Ongoing
77(1)
Mali--Upper Volta (Burkina Faso): Territorial and Resource Dispute December 1974--June 1975
77(1)
Angola--South Africa: Guerrilla Warfare in Namibia, Intervention, and Angolan Civil War 1975--Ongoing
78(1)
Zaire--Angola: Rebel Activity and Border War November 1975--February 1976
79(1)
Mozambique--South Africa: African Nationalism, Intervention, and Civil War 1976--October 1992
80(1)
Uganda--Kenya: Amin Provocations and Border Incidents February--August 1976
81(1)
Chad--Libya: Guerrilla Warfare, Factional Fighting, and Libyan Annexation of the Aozou Strip June 1976--November 1979
81(1)
Zaire--Angola: Internal Dissension, Regional Instability, and the First Invasion of Shaba March--May 1977
82(1)
Chad: Internal Strife, Foreign Intervention, and the Second Chad Civil War January 1978--June 1982
83(1)
Zaire--Angola: Regional Instability, Congolese Dissension, and the Second Invasion of Shaba May 1978
83(1)
Tanzania--Uganda: Cross-Border Raids, Tanzanian Invasion, and Ouster of the Amin Regime October 1978--May 1979
84(1)
Morocco--Algeria: Western Saharan Nationalism and Border Conflict June--October 1979
85(1)
Cameroon--Nigeria: Border Incident May--July 1981
85(1)
Uganda: Civil War December 1981--1994
86(1)
Zaire--Zambia: Lake Mweru Dispute February--September 1982
86(1)
Libya--Chad: Political Instability, Rebel Fighting, Foreign Intervention, and the Third Chad Civil War Mid-1982--Ongoing
87(1)
Ghana--Togo: Territorial Dispute and Border Incidents August--October 1982
88(1)
South Africa--Lesotho: Guerrilla Insurgency Fears and Anti-ANC Raid December 1982
88(1)
Sudan: Secessionist Fighting, Civil War, and the Second Sudan Civil War January 1983--Ongoing
89(1)
Liberia--Sierra Leone: Doe Regime Tensions February--March 1983
90(1)
Chad--Nigeria: Boundary/Resources Dispute and the Lake Chad Conflict April--July 1983
90(1)
Zaire--Zambia: Regional Tensions, Deportations, and Border Dispute September 1983--January 1984
91(1)
South Africa--Botswana: African Nationalism and Anti-ANC Raids October 1984--May 1986
91(1)
Zaire: Internal Dissent and the Third Invasion of Shaba November 1984
92(1)
Zaire: Internal Strife, the Fourth Invasion of Shaba, and the Collapse of the Mobutu Regime June 1985
92(1)
Mali--Burkina Faso: Territorial/Resource Dispute and Border War December 1985--January 1986
92(1)
Togo--Ghana: Regional Rivalry and Coup Attempt September 1986
93(1)
Zaire--People's Republic of the Congo: Regional Instability and Border Incident January 1987
93(1)
Ethiopia--Somalia: Somali Expansionism and the Third Ogaden War February 1987--April 1988
94(1)
South Africa--Zambia: African Nationalism, Insurgency Fears, and Anti-ANC Raid April 1987
94(1)
People's Republic of the Congo: Civil Unrest and Army Rebellion September 1987--July 1988
95(1)
Uganda--Kenya: Ugandan Civil War, Refugee Influx, and Border Conflict December 1987
95(1)
Somalia: Clan-Based Violence and the Somalian Civil War May 1988--Ongoing
95(2)
Burundi: Tribe-Based Communal Violence and the Hutu Conflict August 1988--Ongoing
97(1)
Uganda--Kenya: Border Conflict March 1989
98(1)
Mauritania--Senegal: Ethnic Violence and Border Incidents April 1989--January 1990
98(1)
Liberia: Civil War December 1989--Ongoing
98(2)
Guinea-Bissau-Senegal: Border Conflict April--May 1990
100(1)
Tuareg--Niger: Confrontation and Reprisals May 1990--October 1994
100(1)
Senegal: The Casamance Rebellion Mid-1990--Ongoing
100(2)
Tuareg--Mali: Sahel Pastoralist Rebellion and Military Coup June 1990--Ongoing
102(1)
Rwanda: Tribal Conflict, Genocide, and Exiles Invasion September 1990--Ongoing
102(2)
Liberia--Sierra Leone: Intervention, Destabilization, and the Sierra Leone Civil War March 1991--Ongoing
104(1)
Djibouti: Ethnic-Based Violence and Civil War November 1991--July 1993
105(1)
Nigeria--Cameroon: Territorial Dispute and the Diamond and Djabane Islands Dispute December 1993--March 1994
105(1)
Ghana--Togo: Border Incidents January--February 1994
106(1)
Uganda: Intervention and Democratic Movements May 1995--Ongoing
106(1)
Federal Republic of Grande Comoros: Coup Attempt and Anjouan and Moheli Independence September 1995--Ongoing
107(1)
Eritrea--Yemen: Invasion of the Hunish Islands November 1995--October 1998
108(1)
Congo: Independence Movements October 1996--Ongoing
109(1)
Uganda--Kenya: Ethnic Cross-Border Clashes November 1996--July 1998
109(1)
Niger: Diffa Border Insurgency December 1996--April 1999
110(1)
Congo--Brazzaville: Democratic Struggle May 1997--Late 2000
110(1)
Djibouti: Intervention and Djibouti Civil War Early 1998--December 2000
110(1)
Lesotho: Intervention and Military Factions May 1998--March 1999
111(1)
Eritrea--Ethiopia: Yirga Triangle Territorial Dispute May 1998--June 1999
111(1)
Guinea--Bissau: Military Factions June 1998--January 2000
112(1)
Ethiopia--Kenya: Ethnic Border Clashes October 1998--January 1999
113(1)
Liberia--Guinea: Border Dispute September 1999--April 2001
113(1)
Ivory Coast: Civil War September 1999--Ongoing
114(1)
Central African Republic--Chad: Attempted Coup, Foreign Intervention, and Territorial Occupation Mid-2001--December 2002
115(1)
Angola--Zambia: Civil Strife and Border Skirmishes November 2001
116(1)
Americas
117(36)
List of Conflicts
117(1)
Countries in the Region
118(1)
Regional Overview
118(2)
Overview of Conflict
120(1)
Conflict Management
121(2)
Dominican Republic--Haiti/Cuba: Regional Aggression Early 1947--December 1951
123(2)
Costa Rica: Anticorruption Military Insurgency and Civil War March--April 1948
125(1)
Nicaragua--Costa Rica: Border Conflict December 1948--February 1949
125(1)
Argentina--Chile: The Beagle Channel Border Despute July 1952--August 1993
126(2)
Guatemala: Civil War and Insurgency June 1954--Ongoing
128(1)
Nicaragua--Costa Rica: Exiles Invasion Attempt January 1955
129(1)
Dominican Republic--Cuba/Venezuela: Dominican Republic Aggression and Exiles Conflict February 1956--January 1962
129(2)
Cuba: Communist Revolution and Cuban Civil War December 1956--January 1959
131(1)
Nicaragua--Honduras: Boundary Dispute and Mocoran Seizure April--June 1957
131(1)
Panama: Cuban--Backed Invasion and Panama Revolutionaries Conflict 1958--May 1959
132(1)
Guatemala--Mexico: Mexican Shrimp Boat Incident December 1958--September 1959
132(1)
Paraguay--Argentina: Paraguayan Exiles Conflict Early 1959--December 1961
133(1)
Cuba--Haiti: Cuban-Sponsored Military Invasion and Haitian Exiles Conflict August 1959
133(1)
United States--Cuba: Anti-Castro Military Invasion--The Bay of Pigs April--May 1961
134(1)
Venezuela--Guyana (UK): Essequibo River Dispute February 1962--June 1970
134(1)
Chile--Bolivia: Lauca River Dam Dispute March 1962--1964
135(1)
United States--USSR: Cold War Dispute and the Cuban Missile Crisis September--November 1962
136(1)
Haiti--Dominican Republic: Exiles Asylum and Invasion Attempt April--September 1963
137(1)
Cuba--Venezuela: Terrorism and Invasion Attempt November 1963--May 1967
138(1)
Panama--United States: Sovereignty Dispute and the Flag Riots January--April 1964
139(1)
Colombia: Banditry and Leftist Guerrilla Insurgency 1965--Ongoing
139(1)
United States--Dominican Republic: Civil War, U.S. Military Intervention, and the Constitutionalist Rebellion April 1965--September 1966
140(1)
Bolivia: Cuban-Assisted Guerrilla Insurgency November 1966--July 1970
141(1)
El Salvador--Honduras: The ``Football War'' Border Dispute July 1969
141(1)
Guyana--Suriname: New River Triangle Border Dispute August 1969--November 1970
142(1)
El Salvador--Honduras: Territorial Dispute and Border Incidents July 1976--October 1980
142(1)
El Salvador: Civil Conflict and the Salvadoran Civil War January 1977--Late 1992
143(1)
Ecuador--Peru: Regional Rivalry, Territorial Dispute, and the Amazon/Maranon Waterway Incidents June 1977--January 1978
143(1)
Nicaragua--Costa Rica: Regional Rivalry and Border Incidents October 1977
144(1)
Nicaragua--Costa Rica: Regional Rivalry: Cross-Border Raids, and Border Incidents September--December 1978
144(1)
Honduras--Nicaragua: Right-Wing Insurgency and the Contra War January 1980--February 1994
145(1)
Ecuador--Peru: Territorial Dispute and Border War January--April 1981
145(1)
United Kingdom--Argentina: Sovereignty Dispute and the Falklands War April--June 1982
146(1)
Guatemala--Mexico: Regional Instability, Guatemalan Civil War, and Border Incidents September 1982--January 1983
147(1)
United States--Grenada: Anti-Communist Military Invasion October--December 1983
147(1)
Ecuador--Peru: Regional Rivalry, Territorial Dispute, and Border Conflict January 1984
148(1)
Guatemala--Mexico: Regional Instability, Guatemalan Civil War, and Border Incident April 1984
148(1)
Nicaragua--Costa Rica: Regional Rivalry and Border Incidents May--June 1985
148(1)
Nicaragua--Costa Rica: Regional Rivalry and Border Incidents April 1986
149(1)
Suriname: Guerrilla Insurgency July 1986--December 1992
149(1)
United States--Panama: U.S. Anti-Noriega Military Invasion December 1989
150(1)
United States--Haiti: U.S. Military Invasion and Aristide's Return from Exile September 1994
150(1)
Ecuador--Peru: Regional Rivalry and Cenepa Headwaters Confrontation January--March 1995
151(1)
Ecuador--Peru: Condor Mountain Territorial Dispute January 1995--October 1998
151(1)
Belize--Guatemala: Postindependence Territorial Dispute and Border Incidents August 1995
152(1)
Asia: East Asia and the Pacific
153(50)
List of Conflicts
153(2)
Countries in the Region
155(1)
Regional Overview
155(2)
Overview of Conflict
157(3)
Conflict Management
160(3)
China: Civil War 1945--1949
163(1)
The Netherlands--The Dutch East Indies: Indonesian Nationalism and War of Independence Late 1945--November 1949
164(1)
France--Indochina: Independence Struggle December 1945--July 1954
165(1)
United Kingdom--Malaya and Singapore: Anti-British Communist Insurgency and the Malayan Emergency June 1948--July 1960
165(1)
Burma: Kuomintang/People's Liberation Army Cross-Border Conflict August 1948--1954
166(1)
Burma (Myanmar): Karen Separatist Insurgency and Civil War January 1949--Ongoing
167(1)
China--Taiwan: Communist-Nationalist Conflict in the Straits of Formosa October 1949--June 1953
168(1)
United States--USSR: Cold War Air Incidents April--October 1950
168(1)
United States--North Korea: Cold War Territorial Dispute and the Korean War June 1950--July 1953
169(1)
China--Portugal: The Macao Territorial Conflict July--August 1952
169(1)
USSR--United States: Cold War Air Incidents October 1952--July 1956
170(1)
Cambodia--Siam (Thailand): Border Conflict and the Occupation of the Temple of Preah Vihear Early 1953--May 1975
170(1)
China--United States/Taiwan: The Quemoy Confrontation April 1954--April 1955
171(1)
Taiwan--South Vietnam: The Paracel Islands Dispute June--August 1956
172(1)
China--United States/Taiwan: Communist--Nationalist Territorial Dispute and Bombardment of the Quemoy Islands July--December 1958
172(1)
Laos: Political Anarchy and the First Laotian Civil War December 1958--1962
173(1)
North Vietnam--South Vietnam/United States: Communist Vietcong Insurgency, Anti-Communist U.S. Military Intervention, and Civil War December 1960--May 1975
173(1)
Indonesia--Malaysia: Separatist Civil Disturbances and the Borneo Conflict 1962--November 1965
174(1)
Indonesia--The Netherlands: West Irian Administration Dispute and Separatist Insurgency January--August 1962
175(1)
China--Taiwan: CCP-KMT Territorial Dispute and Invasion Threat March--December 1962
175(1)
South Vietnam--Cambodia: Anti-Vietminh Cross-Border Raids March--December 1964
176(1)
North Vietnam--Laos: Political Anarchy and the Second Laotian Civil War April 1964--December 1966
176(1)
North Vietnam--United States: The Vietnam War August 1964--May 1975
177(1)
Irian Jaya--Indonesia: Territorial Dispute and Secession Insurgency 1965--Ongoing
178(1)
North Korea--South Korea: Cold War Dispute and Border Incidents Mid-1965--March 1968
179(1)
North Korea--United States: USS Pueblo Seizure January--December 1968
179(1)
China--Burma: Tribal Conflicts and Border Incidents January--November 1969
180(1)
Cambodia (Kampuchea)--South Vietnam/United States: U.S. Bombing Campaign and Vietnam War January 1970--April 1975
180(1)
Mindanao--The Philippines: Communal Violence, Land Disputes, and Muslim Secessionist Insurgency January 1970--Ongoing
181(1)
South Vietnam--China: Territorial Dispute and the Paracel Islands January 1974
182(1)
North Korea--South Korea: Demilitarized Zone and Invasion Threat February--July 1975
182(1)
Cambodia (Kampuchea)--United States: Post--Vietnam War Tensions and the Mayaguez Incident May 1975
183(1)
Laos--Thailand: Postrevolution Exodus and Border Incidents June 1975--January 1976
183(1)
East Timor--Indonesia: Independence Struggle October 1975--May 2002
184(1)
Cambodia (Kampuchea)--Thailand: Refugee Influx, Regional Tensions, and Border Skirmishes December 1975--February 1976
185(1)
Thailand--Cambodia (Kampuchea): Refugee Influx, Regional Instability, and Khmer Rouge Border Incidents November--December 1976
185(1)
Cambodia (Kampuchea)--Thailand: Refugee Influx, Regional Instability, and Khmer Rouge Border Incidents January 1977--October 1978
186(1)
Cambodia (Kampuchea)--Vietnam: Border Fighting, Vietnamese Invasion, and the Cambodian Civil War January 1979--Ongoing
187(1)
China--Vietnam: Regional Rivalry and Border War January 1979--June 1982
188(1)
Cambodia (Kampuchea)--Thailand: Khmer Rouge Insurgency and Border Conflict December 1979--October 1980
188(1)
Espiritu Santo--Vanuatu (The New Hebrides): Secession Attempt May--September 1980
189(1)
Indonesia--Papua New Guinea (PNG): Secessionist Warfare, Border Incidents, and the Irian Jaya Dispute May 1982--October 1984
189(1)
Laos--Thailand: Territorial Dispute and Border Incidents June 1982
190(1)
China--Vietnam: Regional Rivalry and Border Conflict April 1983
190(1)
Vietnam--China: Regional Rivalry and Border Conflict January 1984--March 1987
190(1)
Burma--Thailand: Karen Separatist Insurgency, Counterinsurgency Raids, and Border Incidents March 1984
191(1)
Thailand--Laos: Boundary Dispute and Border War June 1984--December 1988
191(1)
North Korea--South Korea: Cold War Border Incidents November 1984
192(1)
Vietnam--China: Regional Rivalry, Sovereignty Dispute, and the Spratly Islands Dispute March 1988
192(1)
Bougainville--Papua New Guinea: Separatist Insurgency and Secession Attempt October 1988--Ongoing
192(1)
Burma (Myanmar)--Bangladesh: Rohingya Muslim Rebellion and Border Incidents December 1991
193(1)
North Korea--South Korea: Historical Enmity and Border Incident May 1992
194(1)
Burma (Myanmar)--Bangladesh: Border Incidents March--September 1993
194(1)
Burma (Myanmar)--Bangladesh: Border Incidents May--August 1994
194(1)
Taiwan--China: Nationalist--Communist Dispute and Shelling Incident November 1994
195(1)
China--The Philippines: Territorial Dispute and the Paracel and Spratly Islands Incidents January--February 1995
195(1)
Taiwan--Vietnam: Territorial Dispute and Spratly Islands Clash March 1995
196(1)
China--Taiwan: Rivalry and Military Tensions January 1996--August 1999
196(1)
North Korea--South Korea: Continuing Rivalry September 1996--November 2000
197(1)
China--The Philippines: Spratly Islands Incident April 1997--July 1999
198(1)
Vietnam--The Philippines: Spratly Islands Firing Incident October 1999
198(1)
Thailand--Laos: Mekong River Territories August--September 2000
199(1)
Thailand--Burma: Internal Civil Strife, Militia Activities, and Border Skirmishes March--May 2001
199(1)
North Korea--South Korea: Naval Incidents November 2001--July 2002
200(1)
Japan--North Korea: Spy Ship Incident December 2001
201(2)
Asia: Southwest Asia
203(26)
List of Conflicts
203(1)
Countries in the Region
204(1)
Regional Overview
204(1)
Overview of Conflict
205(2)
Conflict Management
207(1)
India: Civil War, Independence, and Partition 1945--1948
207(1)
Pakistan--India: Postpartition Separatism, First Kashmir War, and India--Pakistan Rivalry October 1947--January 1949
207(1)
India--Hyderabad: Postpartition Separatist Violence and Secession Attempt July--September 1948
208(1)
Afghanistan--Pakistan: Postindependence Pathan Border Conflict August 1949
208(1)
Afghanistan--Pakistan: The Pathan Territorial Conflict June--October 1950
209(1)
China--Tibet: Tibetan Autonomy Dispute October 1950--May 1951
209(1)
China--Tibet: Incorporation Struggle March 1956--September 1965
210(1)
India--Pakistan: Postpartition Border Tension and the Surma River Incidents March 1958--September 1959
210(1)
China--Nepal: Boundary Dispute June 1959--July 1960
211(1)
China--India: Sino--Indian Antagonism and the McMahon Line Boundary Dispute August 1959--February 1960
211(1)
Afghanistan--Pakistan: Boundary Dispute and Pathan Conflict September 1960--May 1963
211(1)
India--Portugal: Anti-Portuguese Territorial Dispute in Goa December 1961
212(1)
Nepal--India: Pro--Democratic Rebellion and Border Incidents April--November 1962
212(1)
India--China: Sino--Indian Wars and McMahon Line Border Dispute October--November 1962
212(1)
China--USSR: Territorial Dispute over Damansky Island March 1963--September 1969
213(1)
India--Pakistan: Border Skirmishes 1965--1970
213(1)
India--Pakistan: Territorial Rivalry and the Second Kashmir War August--September 1965
214(1)
China--India: Sino--Indian Wars and McMahon Line Border Incidents September 1965
214(1)
Bangladesh--Pakistan: Secessionist Warfare and the Bangladesh War of Independence March 1971--February 1974
215(1)
Bangladesh: Postindependence Territorial Dispute and the Chittagong Hill Tracts Conflict 1975--Ongoing
215(1)
China--India: Territorial Dispute and McMahon Line Border Incidents October 1975
216(1)
Bangladesh--India: Postcoup Tensions and Border Incidents April 1976
216(1)
Pakistan--Afghanistan: Pro-Monarchist Revolt and the Peshawar Rebellion March--July 1979
217(1)
Bangladesh--India: Boundary Dispute and Border Incidents November 1979
217(1)
USSR--Afghanistan: Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Civil War December 1979--Ongoing
218(1)
Pakistan--India: Regional Rivalry, Border Incidents, and India--Pakistan Wars July 1981--August 1982
219(1)
Sri Lanka: Communal Violence, Separatist Fighting, and Tamil--Sinhalese Conflict July 1982--Ongoing
219(2)
India--Bangladesh: Boundary Dispute and Border Conflict December 1983--June 1984
221(1)
India--Pakistan: Territorial Dispute, India--Pakistan Rivalry, and the Siachin Glacier Dispute April 1984--September 1985
221(1)
India--Bangladesh: Boundary Disputes and the Muhuri River Incidents February--April 1986
222(1)
India--Pakistan: Territorial Dispute, Siachin Glacier/ Kashmir Conflict, and India--Pakistan Rivalry Late 1986--Ongoing
222(1)
Maldives: Attempted Coup and Invasion November 1988
223(1)
Kyrgyzstan: Uzbek and Kyrgyzis Ethnic Conflict and Post-Soviet Violence June 1990
223(1)
Tajikistan: Post-Soviet Strife and Ethnic-Based Civil War April 1992--June 1997
224(1)
Nepal: Intervention and Maoist Guerrilla Insurgency Mid-1998--September 1999
225(1)
India--Bangladesh: Kushita Border Incident April--August 1999
225(1)
Uzbekistan--Kyrgyzstan/Tajikistan: Border Insurgency August 1999--September 2000
225(1)
Bangladesh--India: Border Incident and Seizure of Perdiwah April--July 2001
226(1)
United States--Afghanistan: Post--September 11 ``War on Terrorism,'' Al Qaeda Terrorist Links, and Terrorist Containment September--December 2001
227(2)
Europe
229(29)
List of Conflicts
229(1)
Countries in the Region
230(1)
Regional Overview
231(1)
Overview of Conflict
231(2)
Conflict Management
233(3)
Greece: Antimonarchist Communist Insurgency and Civil War 1945--1949
236(1)
Albania--United Kingdom: Corfu Channel Dispute May 1946--December 1949
237(1)
Yugoslavia--United States: Cold War Air Incidents August 1946
237(1)
USSR--Yugoslavia: Ideological Rift Early 1948--December 1954
238(1)
USSR--The Western Allies: The Berlin Airlift Crisis June 1948--May 1949
238(1)
Italy--Yugoslavia: Cold War and Trieste Territorial Dispute March 1952--October 1954
239(1)
Cyprus--United Kingdom: Intercommunal Violence and the Enosis Movement April 1955--February 1959
239(1)
USSR--Poland: Polish October October 1956
240(1)
USSR--Hungary: Anti-Communist Revolt, Soviet Invasion, and the Hungarian Uprising of 1956 October--December 1956
240(1)
USSR--United States: Cold War Dispute and the Berlin Wall July--November 1961
241(1)
Cyprus: Intercommunal Violence and Civil War December 1963--November 1967
242(1)
USSR--Czechoslovakia: Liberalization Movement, the Prague Spring, and Soviet Military Invasion August 1968
242(1)
Iceland--United Kingdom, West Germany, and Denmark: The Cod War November 1971--June 1976
243(1)
Cyprus: Communal Violence, Turkish--Greek Invasions, and Partition January 1974--June 1978
244(1)
Poland: Internal Crisis, Solidarity Labor Movement, and the Declaration of Martial Law December 1981--February 1982
244(1)
Turkey--Greece: Regional Rivalry and Naval Incidents March 1984--January 1988
245(1)
Georgia--South Ossetia: Abkhazia Secession War March 1989--Ongoing
245(1)
Yugoslavia: Ethnic and Religious Warfare and the Balkans Civil War Mid-1989--November 2000
246(2)
USSR--Lithuania: Post-Soviet Independence Crisis March 1990--Late 1991
248(1)
Azerbaijan--Armenia: Nagorno--Karabakh Conflict August 1990--Ongoing
248(1)
Gagauzia/Dniester--Moldova: Post-Soviet Strife and Gagauzia's Struggle for Autonomy October 1990--July 1992
249(1)
USSR--Latvia: Post-Soviet Independence Crisis January 1991
250(1)
Macedonia: Civil War, Incursion, and NATO/EU Involvement January 1991--Ongoing
251(1)
Russia--Chechnya: Post-Soviet Strife, Separatist Fighting, Chechen and Caucasus Conflicts October 1992--Ongoing
252(1)
Cyprus: Ethnic-Based Tensions and Partition Incidents April 1993
253(1)
Greece--Albania: Border Tensions April 1994
253(1)
Cyprus: Partition Incidents June 1996--Ongoing
254(1)
Yugoslavia--Kosovo: Kosovo Conflict and Civil War October 1997--Ongoing
254(1)
Russia--Republic of Dagestan: The Dagestan Independence Dispute May 1999
255(1)
Russia--Georgia: Chechen Separatism August 2000--Ongoing
255(3)
Middle East
258(45)
List of Conflicts
258(2)
Countries in the Region
260(1)
Regional Overview
260(3)
Overview of Conflict
263(1)
Conflict Management
263(2)
France--Levant (Syria/Lebanon): Independence Crisis 1945--December 1946
265(1)
USSR--Iran: Pro-Communist Campaign of Secession and Azerbaijan/Kurdistan Crisis August 1945--October 1947
265(1)
Israel: British Decolonization, Arab--Israeli Territorial Dispute, and War of Independence May 1948--January 1949
266(1)
Syria--Lebanon: Syrian Exiles Dispute May--August 1949
266(1)
Syria--Israel: Lake Tiberias/Huleh Resource Dispute April--May 1951
267(1)
Egypt--United Kingdom: Suez Canal Zone Sovereignty Dispute January 1952--January 1956
268(1)
Saudi Arabia--Oman/United Kingdom: The Buraymi Oasis Resource Dispute August 1952--October 1955
268(1)
Israel--Jordan: West Bank Border Conflict January 1953--December 1954
269(1)
Turkey--Syria: Border Incidents March 1955--1957
269(1)
Syria--Israel: Lake Tiberias Dispute October--December 1955
270(1)
Yemen--United Kingdom: Aden Conflict 1956--1960
270(1)
Israel--Jordan: Mt. Scopus Conflict July 1956--January 1958
271(1)
Egypt--United Kingdom/France: Sovereignty Dispute and Suez War October--November 1956
271(1)
Israel--Syria: Arab--Israeli Territorial Dispute over the Golan Heights July 1957--February 1958
272(1)
Egypt--Sudan: Postindependence Territorial Dispute February 1958
272(1)
Lebanon: Internal Strife and the First Lebanese Civil War May 1958--June 1959
273(1)
Syria--Iraq: Syrian-Backed Putsch, Government Suppression, and Mosul Revolt March--April 1959
273(1)
Kurds--Iraq: Kurdish Secession Attempt March 1961--1966
274(1)
Iraq--Kuwait: Territorial Dispute and the Kuwaiti Independence Crisis June 1961--February 1962
274(1)
Syria--Israel: Arab--Israeli Territorial Dispute over Lake Tiberias February 1962--August 1963
275(1)
North Yemen: Civil War and Royalist Rebellion September 1962--October 1967
275(1)
Syria--Israel: Arab--Israeli Dispute and Border Incidents June 1964--July 1966
276(1)
Israel--Jordan: Arab--Israeli Dispute and Border Incidents December 1964--April 1966
276(1)
Lebanon--Israel: Arab--Israeli Dispute and the Houla Raids October 1965
277(1)
Israel--Arab States: The Six-Day War June 1967
277(1)
Iraq--Kurds: Kurdish Struggle for Autonomy October 1968--March 1970
278(1)
North Yemen--Saudi Arabia: Border Conflict November 1969--October 1970
278(1)
The PLO--Jordan: Coup Attempt February 1970--August 1971
278(1)
Iraq--Iran: Border Tensions and the Shatt al-Arab Waterway Dispute 1971
279(1)
North Yemen--South Yemen: Anti-Communist Insurgency and Border Conflict October 1971--October 1972
279(1)
Iran--United Arab Emirates: Tunb Islands Territorial Dispute November 1971
280(1)
Oman--South Yemen: Antigovernment Insurgency and Dhofar Rebellion 1972--August 1974
280(1)
Iran--Iraq: Territorial Dispute and Border War January 1972--February 1975
281(1)
Syria/PLO--Israel: PLO Raids, Retaliatory Air Strikes, and the Golan Heights Conflict March 1972--January 1973
281(1)
Iraq--Kuwait: Territorial Dispute and Border Incidents March 1973--July 1975
282(1)
Israel--Egypt and Syria: Arab--Israeli Territorial Dispute, Arab--Israeli Wars, and the Yom Kippur War October 1973
282(1)
Kurds--Iraq: Attempted Secession and the Kurdish Rebellion March 1974--July 1975
283(1)
Israel--Lebanon: Arab Infiltrators and Cross--Border Attacks April 1974--July 1975
283(1)
Lebanon: Internal Strife, Communal Violence, and the Second Lebanese Civil War February 1975--Late 1992
284(1)
Syria--Iraq: Resource Dispute over the Euphrates River April--Late 1975
284(1)
Iran: Internal Strife, Orthodox Muslim Backlash, Iranian Civil War, and Islamic Revolution 1976--1980
285(1)
Kurds--Iraq: Kurdish Separatist Insurgency and Kurdish Autonomy May 1976--Ongoing
286(1)
Israel--Lebanon: Arab--Israeli Tensions, Christian--Muslim Factional Fighting, and Border Incidents Mid--Late 1977
287(1)
Egypt--Libya: Regional Tensions and Border War July--September 1977
287(1)
Israel--Lebanon/PLO: Arab--Israeli Tensions, PLO Incursions, and Israeli Invasion of Southern Lebanon March--June 1978
288(1)
North Yemen--South Yemen: Border War February 1979--February 1980
289(1)
Israel--Syria: Arab--Israeli Tensions and Air Incidents June 1979--February 1980
289(1)
Saudi Arabia--North Yemen: Covert Military Aid and Border Conflict August 1979--March 1980
290(1)
Iran--United States: Anti-American Sentiment, Islamic Revolution, and Hostage Crisis November 1979--January 1981
290(1)
Iran--Iraq: Regional Rivalry, Territorial Dispute, and the Iran--Iraq War February 1980--1989
291(1)
Libya--United States: Regional Instability and Air Incidents August 1981
291(1)
Israel--Lebanon: Israeli Invasion of Lebanon Early 1982--Mid--1983
292(1)
Israel--Lebanon: Arab--Israeli Hostilities, Muslim--Christian Factional Fighting, and the Security Zone Mid-1983--Ongoing
293(1)
Kurds--Turkey: Kurdish Secession Struggle August 1984--Ongoing
293(2)
United States--Libya: International Terrorism Fears and Naval Incidents January--April 1986
295(1)
Qatar--Bahrain: Sovereignty Dispute and the Hawar Islands Dispute April 1986
295(1)
United States--Libya: Rabat Chemical Plant Tensions and Mediterranean Air Incident January 1989
295(1)
Iraq--Kuwait/Coalition Forces: Territorial Dispute, Iraqi Expansionism, and the Gulf War August 1990--May 1991
296(1)
Iran--United Arab Emirates/Egypt: Abu Musa and Tunb Islands Territorial Dispute April 1992
297(1)
Saudi Arabia--Qatar: Post--Gulf War Tensions and Border Incidents September--October 1992
297(1)
Egypt--Sudan: Territorial/Resource Dispute and Halaib Dispute December 1992
297(1)
Iraq--Coalition Forces: Post--Gulf War Incidents December 1992--July 1993
298(1)
Yemen: Unification Difficulties and Yemen Civil War November 1993--July 1994
298(1)
Iraq--Coalition Forces: Post--Gulf War Tensions and Kuwaiti Border Incidents October 1994
299(1)
Saudi Arabia--Yemen: Post--Gulf War Border Conflict December 1994
299(1)
Iran--Iraq: Regional Rivalry and Border Incidents September 1997
300(1)
Israel--Syria: Border Clashes February 2001--Ongoing
300(3)
Appendixes
303(32)
A. Countries and Their Regions
303(3)
B. Chronology of Regional Conflicts
306(11)
C. Organization Factsheets
317(18)
References 335(10)
Index 345

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