There are currently few books/publications considering powerline communications and existing publications cover mainly narrowband PLC and consider only the physical layer. It will be the first book considering protocols in PLC and network planning PLC is a topic in development; there are a number of trial networks and commercial operations just beginning, therefore there is the need for knowledge about PLC to be summarized in a publication. PLC is an alternative technology for the access networks and is very interesting for new providers trying to realise own access networks after the liberatlisation of the telecommunications market. The authors are ideally placed to write this volume being highly involved in the subject area and being actively involved in producing many articles on the topic. This volume would be the logical extension of Dosterts book 'Powerline Communications' as it will consider broadband PLC networks, their protocols, performance evaluation and approaches for the network planning.

Halid Hrasnica is the author of Broadband Powerline Communications: Network Design, published by Wiley.

Abdelfatteh Haidine is the author of Broadband Powerline Communications: Network Design, published by Wiley.

Ralf Lehnert is the author of Broadband Powerline Communications: Network Design, published by Wiley.

Preface

xi

Introduction

1

(6)

PLC in the Telecommunications Access Area

7

(32)

Access Technologies

7

(7)

Importance of the Telecommunications Access Area

7

(1)

Building of New Access Networks

8

(3)

Usage of the Existing Infrastructure in the Access Area

11

(3)

Powerline Communications Systems

14

(5)

Historical Overview

14

(1)

Power Supply Networks

14

(1)

Standards

15

(1)

Narrowband PLC

16

(3)

Broadband PLC

19

(1)

PLC Access Networks

19

(13)

Structure of PLC Access Networks

19

(2)

In-home PLC Networks

21

(1)

PLC Network Elements

22

(5)

Connection to the Core Network

27

(4)

Medium-voltage PLC

31

(1)

Specific PLC Performance Problems

32

(5)

Features of PLC Transmission Channel

33

(1)

Electromagnetic Compatibility

33

(1)

Impact of Disturbances and Data Rate Limitation

34

(2)

Realization of Broadband PLC Transmission Systems

36

(1)

Performance Improvement by Efficient MAC Layer

36

(1)

Summary

37

(2)

PLC Network Characteristics

39

(40)

Network Topology

39

(13)

Topology of the Low-voltage Supply Networks

39

(2)

Organization of PLC Access Networks

41

(6)

Structure of In-home PLC Networks

47

(1)

Complex PLC Access Networks

48

(2)

Logical Network Models

50

(2)

Features of PLC Transmission Channel

52

(3)

Channel Characterization

52

(1)

Characteristics of PLC Transmission Cable

53

(1)

Modeling of the PLC Channel

54

(1)

Electromagnetic Compatibility of PLC Systems

55

(15)

Different Aspects of the EMC

56

(5)

PLC EM Disturbances Modeling

61

(4)

EMC Standards for PLC Systems

65

(5)

Disturbance Characterization

70

(6)

Noise Description

70

(1)

Generalized Background Noise

71

(2)

Impulsive Noise

73

(1)

Disturbance Modeling

74

(2)

Summary

76

(3)

Realization of PLC Access Systems

79

(46)

Architecture of the PLC Systems

79

(3)

Modulation Techniques for PLC Systems

82

(15)

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

82

(7)

Spread-Spectrum Modulation

89

(6)

Choice of Modulation Scheme for PLC Systems

95

(2)

Error Handling

97

(17)

Overview

97

(1)

Forward Error Correction

98

(10)

Interleaving

108

(3)

ARQ Mechanisms

111

(3)

PLC Services

114

(9)

PLC Bearer Service

114

(1)

Telecommunications Services in PLC Access Networks

115

(6)

Service Classification

121

(2)

Summary

123

(2)

PLC MAC Layer

125

(70)

Structure of the MAC Layer

125

(3)

MAC Layer Components

125

(1)

Characteristics of PLC MAC Layer

126

(1)

Requirements on the PLC MAC Layer

126

(2)

Multiple Access Scheme

128

(23)

TDMA

129

(3)

FDMA

132

(3)

CDMA

135

(15)

Logical Channel Model

150

(1)

Resource-sharing Strategies

151

(30)

Classification of MAC Protocols

153

(1)

Contention Protocols

154

(15)

Arbitration Protocols

169

(8)

IEEE 802.11 MAC Protocol

177

(4)

Traffic Control

181

(11)

Duplex Mode

181

(4)

Traffic Scheduling

185

(4)

CAC Mechanism

189

(3)

Summary

192

(3)

Performance Evaluation of Reservation MAC Protocols

195

(64)

Reservation MAC Protocols for PLC

195

(10)

Reservation Domain

196

(2)

Signaling Procedure

198

(1)

Access Control

199

(4)

Signaling MAC Protocols

203

(2)

Modeling PLC MAC Layer

205

(13)

Analysis Method

205

(3)

Simulation Model for PLC MAC Layer

208

(3)

Traffic Modeling

211

(4)

Simulation Technique

215

(3)

Investigation of Signaling MAC Protocols

218

(26)

Basic Protocols

218

(12)

Protocol Extensions

230

(6)

Advanced Polling-based Reservation Protocols

236

(8)

Error Handling in Reservation MAC Protocols

244

(6)

Protection of the Signaling Procedure

244

(2)

Integration of ARQ in Reservation MAC Protocols

246

(1)

ARQ for Per-packet Reservation Protocols

247

(3)

Protocol Comparison

250

(6)

Specification of Required Slot Structure

250

(2)

Specification of Traffic Mix

252

(1)

Simulation Results

253

(1)

Provision of QoS in Two-step Reservation Protocol

254

(2)

Summary

256

(3)

Appendix A

259

(4)

A.1 Abbreviations

259

(4)

References

263

(10)

Index

273

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Broadband Powerline Communications Network Design

9780470857410

0470857412

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