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9781853833212

The Environment for Children: Understanding and Acting on the Environmental Hazards That Threaten Children and Their Parents

by ; ; ; ; ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9781853833212

  • ISBN10:

    1853833215

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 1996-05-01
  • Publisher: Stylus Pub Llc
  • Purchase Benefits
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Summary

Each year, millions of children die of environmental causes and many more suffer serious illness or injury. Children are often the most vulnerable to the condition of their environment - and their health is an index of its quality - but their wellbeing is rarely given priority by governments or aid agencies. Ironically, the problems can be traced back to matters which can be treated straightforwardly and at relatively low cost - poor drinking water or food, or infectious diseases which can be controlled. This book gives a multidisciplinary account of the environmental health hazards threatening children and the range of impacts they can have. It also explains what can be done, by communities as well as governments and aid workers, to provide safe and healthy environments for children. The book looks at conditions in a range of cities in the developing world, as well as pollutants and other health problems affecting children in the North. Published in association with UNICEF this book provides excellent course material, and will be useful for practitioners working on child development, infant and maternal health, environmental health and community development.

Table of Contents

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
v
List of Figures, Tables and Boxes
vi
About the Authors ix
Preface xii
The Environment for Children
1(32)
The Main Environmental Issues
1(3)
The Need for a Safe Environment
4(2)
Links between the Environment and Child Health
6(1)
The Home Environment
7(8)
Underlying Social, Economic and Political Causes of an Unhealthy Environment
15(3)
Environmental and Non-environmental Influences on Child Health
18(7)
Main Constraints on Child Health and Development in Poorer Nations
25(2)
Environmental Problems, Political Solutions?
27(3)
References
30(3)
The Links between Environment and Health
33(40)
Introduction
33(1)
Biological Pathogens
34(9)
Chemical Pollutants
43(6)
The Availability, Cost and Quality of Natural Resources
49(5)
Physical Hazards
54(2)
Aspects of the Built Environment with Negative Psychosocial Consequences
56(2)
Natural Resource Degradation
58(1)
National/Global Environmental Degradation
58(1)
Estimating the Contribution of Environmental Factors to the Global Disease Burden
59(8)
References
67(6)
The Vulnerability of the Infant and Child to Environmental Hazards
73(34)
Introduction
73(2)
The Child in the Womb
75(5)
Infancy and Early Childhood
80(9)
The Older Child
89(2)
The Child at Work
91(3)
Children in Especially Difficult Circumstances
94(2)
Parents at Particular Risk from Environmental Hazards
96(4)
References
100(7)
Children and Renewable Resources
107(44)
Introduction
107(1)
Access to Renewable Resources and Poverty
108(1)
Soil
109(14)
Wildfoods
123(1)
Implications for Children
124(3)
Forest Resources
127(8)
Access to Renewable Resources in Urban Areas
135(11)
References
146(5)
Sustaining Environment and Development
151(23)
Bringing Development into Sustainable Development
151(2)
The Different Components of Sustainable Development
153(2)
What is to be Sustained?
155(3)
What is Currently Unsustainable?
158(3)
Non-renewable Resource Use
161(2)
Non-renewable Sinks
163(1)
Environmental Impact of Climate Change
164(5)
Poverty and the Loss of Environmental Capital
169(1)
Linking Global and Local Sustainability
169(2)
References
171(3)
Primary Environmental Care
174(68)
Introduction
174(1)
The Concept
175(2)
The Rationale
177(4)
Preconditions for Primary Environmental Care
181(21)
The Nature of Participation; from Passive Participation and Manipulation to Self-mobilization
202(2)
Future Needs - Scaling Up
204(15)
Acting on the Wider Constraints
219(16)
Concluding Comments
235(1)
References
236(6)
Children as a Bridge to Sustainable Development
242(17)
Introduction
242(4)
Global Education for All, with a Purpose
246(3)
A Grounded Approach to Environmental Education
249(2)
Household Environmental Management
251(1)
Broadening Primary Health Care Projects into Primary Environmental Care
252(2)
Schools as Centres for Primary Environmental Care
254(2)
Reaching the Poorest Children
256(1)
From Local to Global Understanding
256(2)
References
258(1)
Bibliography 259(16)
Index 275

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