9781402067655

This volume provides an up to date overview of climate variability during the 20th century in the context of natural and anthropogenic variability. It compiles a number of contributions to a workshop held in Gwatt, Switzerland, in July 2006 dealing with different aspects of climate change, variability, and extremes during the past 100 years. The individual contributions cover a broad range of topics. The volume fills a gap in this exciting field of research.

Introductory Paper
A Focus on Climate During the Past 100 years	p. 1
The Observational Climate Record
From the Bottom to the Stratosphere - Arctic Climate Features as Seen from the First International Polar Year (1882-1883) Until the End of World War II	p. 29
Arctic Sea Ice Data Sets in the Context of Climate Change During the 20th Century	p. 47
The Evolving SST Record from ICOADS	p. 65
Upper-air Temperature Trends: Current Problems and Some Recent Results	p. 85
Atmospheric Reanalyses and Climate Variations	p. 103
Constructing Climate Quality Atmospheric Temperatures from Satellite Microwave Measurements	p. 119
Total Ozone Observations During the Past 80 Years	p. 129
Climate Trends: Forcings and Processes
Arctic Sea Ice Variability During the Last Half Century	p. 143
Decadal Changes in Surface Radiative Fluxes and Their Role in Global Climate Change	p. 155
Observed Interdecadal Changes in Cloudiness: Real or Spurious?	p. 169
The Role of Land-Atmosphere Interactions for Climate Variability in Europe	p. 179
Aerosol Effects on Precipitation Locally and Globally	p. 195
Climate Variability and Extremes
Human Activity and Climate Change in Africa	p. 209
Impacts of Climate Variability, Trends and NAO on 20th Century European Plant Phenology	p. 221
Summer Heat Waves in Western Europe, Their Past Change and Future Projections	p. 235
Distribution Changes of Seasonal Mean Temperature in Observations and Climate Change Scenarios	p. 251
Chemical Changes and the Variability of the Stratosphere
Long-term Tropospheric Ozone Trends: A Critical Review	p. 271
Simulation of Long-term Evolution of Stratospheric Dynamics and Chemistry: Role of Natural and Anthropogenic Forcings	p. 283
Dynamical Changes in the Arctic and Antarctic Stratosphere During Spring	p. 293
Creating Knowledge from the Confrontation of Observations and Models: The Case of Stratospheric Ozone	p. 303
Response of the Earth's Atmosphere to the Solar Irradiance Variability	p. 317
Stratospheric Ozone Variations Caused by Solar Proton Events Between 1963 and 2005	p. 333
Sunspots, the QBO, and the Stratosphere in the North Polar Region: An Update	p. 347
Index	p. 359
Table of Contents provided by Blackwell. All Rights Reserved.

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Climate Variability and Extremes During the Past 100 Years

1402067658

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