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9780817641665

The Laplace Distribution and Generalizations

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780817641665

  • ISBN10:

    0817641661

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2001-06-01
  • Publisher: Birkhauser

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Summary

This monograph focuses on the importance of the Laplace distribution and describes the inferential and modeling advantages that this distribution, together with its generalizations and modifications, offers. After presenting an historical introduction to the subject, the authors collect and present in a systematic way the univariate Laplace distribution, knowledge of which until now has been scattered in the vast statistical, engineering, and mathematical literature. The multivariate and skewed Laplace distribution are discussed here for the first time in detailed monograph form. Generalizations of Laplace distributions and stochastic processes to which they lead are presented as well. Many results, particularly those on the multivariate and skewed Laplace distribution, appear in print for the first time. The exposition systematically unfolds with many examples, tables, illustrations, and exercises. A comprehensive index and extensive bibliography also make this book an ideal text for a senior undergraduate and graduate seminar on statistical distributions, or for a short half-term academic course in statistics, applied probability, and finance. Key to the growing interest in the Laplace distribution are its applications, in particular, financial applications. The book covers interesting and recent applications of models based on the Laplace distribution, and will serve as a guide to development in this area of applied research for a broad audience of statisticians, finance experts, economists, engineers, and health scientists. Finally, in opening a new field of research in the theory of statistical distributions, The Laplace Distribution and Generalizations should strongly appeal to those working in theoretical or applied probability theory.

Table of Contents

Preface xi
Abbreviations xiii
Notation xv
I Univariate Distributions 1(226)
Historical Background
3(12)
Classical Symmetric Laplace Distribution
15(118)
Definition and basic properties
16(6)
Density and distribution functions
16(3)
Characteristic and moment generating functions
19(1)
Moments and related parameters
19(1)
Cumulants
19(1)
Moments
20(1)
Mean deviation
20(1)
Coefficients of skewness and kurtosis
21(1)
Entropy
21(1)
Quartiles and quantiles
21(1)
Representations and characterizations
22(13)
Mixture of normal distributions
22(1)
Relation to exponential distribution
23(1)
Relation to the Pareto distribution
24(1)
Relation to 2 x 2 unit normal determinants
25(1)
An orthogonal representation
25(2)
Stability with respect to geometric summation
27(3)
Distributional limits of geometric sums
30(2)
Stability with respect to the ordinary summation
32(3)
Distributional limits of deterministic sums
35(1)
Functions of Laplace random variables
35(11)
The distribution of the sum of independent Laplace variates
35(5)
The distribution of the product of two independent Laplace variates
40(1)
The distribution of the ratio of two independent Laplace variates
41(2)
The t-statistic for a double exponential (Laplace) distribution
43(3)
Further properties
46(7)
Infinite divisibility
46(2)
Geometric infinite divisibility
48(1)
Self-decomposability
49(1)
Complete monotonicity
49(2)
Maximum entropy property
51(2)
Order statistics
53(11)
Distribution of a single order statistic
53(1)
The minimum
54(1)
The maximum
55(1)
The median
55(1)
Joint distributions of order statistics
55(1)
Range, midrange, sample median
56(4)
Moments of order statistics
60(3)
Representation of order statistics via sums of exponentials
63(1)
Statistical inference
64(48)
Point estimation
65(1)
Maximum likelihood estimation
66(11)
Maximum likelihood estimation under censoring
77(1)
Maximum likelihood estimation of monotone location parameters
78(1)
The method of moments
79(5)
Linear estimation
84(7)
Interval estimation
91(2)
Confidence bands for the Laplace distribution function
93(1)
Conditional inference
94(5)
Tolerance intervals
99(4)
Testing hypothesis
103(1)
Testing the normal versus the Laplace
103(2)
Goodness-of-fit tests
105(1)
Neyman-Pearson test for location
106(4)
Asymptotic optimality of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test
110(1)
Comparison of nonparametric tests of location
110(2)
Exercises
112(21)
Asymmetric Laplace Distributions
133(46)
Definition and basic properties
136(8)
An alternative parametrization and special cases
136(1)
Standardization
137(1)
Densities and their properties
137(3)
Moment and cumulant generating functions
140(1)
Moments and related parameters
141(1)
Cumulants
141(1)
Moments
142(1)
Absolute moments
142(1)
Mean deviation
142(1)
Coefficient of Variation
143(1)
Coefficients of skewness and kurtosis
143(1)
Quantiles
143(1)
Representations
144(5)
Mixture of normal distributions
144(2)
Convolution of exponential distributions
146(1)
Self-decomposability
147(1)
Relation to 2 x 2 normal determinants
148(1)
Simulation
149(1)
Characterizations and further properties
150(8)
Infinite divisibility
150(1)
Geometric infinite divisibility
151(1)
Distributional limits of geometric sums
152(3)
Stability with respect to geometric summation
155(1)
Maximum entropy property
155(3)
Estimation
158(16)
Maximum likelihood estimation
158(1)
Case 1: The values of κ and σ are known
159(2)
Case 2: The values of &thetas; and κ are Known
161(1)
Case 3: The values of &thetas; and σ are Known
162(4)
Case 4: The values of κ is Known
166(1)
Case 5: The values of &thetas; is known
167(3)
Case 6: The value of σ is known
170(2)
Case 7: The values of all three parameters are unknown
172(2)
Exercises
174(5)
Related Distributions
179(48)
Bessel function distribution
179(14)
Definition and parametrizations
180(1)
Representations
181(1)
Mixture of normal distributions
181(2)
Relation to gamma distribution
183(1)
Self-decomposability
184(2)
Relation to sample covariance
186(2)
Densities
188(1)
Asymmetric Laplace laws
189(1)
Symmetric case
189(2)
An integer value of τ
191(1)
Moments
192(1)
Laplace motion
193(6)
Symmetric Laplace motion
193(1)
Representations
194(3)
Asymmetric Laplace motion
197(1)
Subordinated Brownian motion
198(1)
Difference of gamma processes
198(1)
Compound Poisson Approximation
198(1)
Linnik distribution
199(20)
Characterizations
200(1)
Stability with respect to geometric Summation
200(2)
Distributional limits of geometric sums
202(1)
Stability with respect to deterministic summation
203(1)
Representations
204(2)
Densities and distribution functions
206(1)
Integral representations
206(2)
Series expansions
208(4)
Moments and tail behavior
212(1)
Properties
213(1)
Self-decomposability
213(1)
Infinite divisibility
214(1)
Simulation
215(1)
Estimation
215(1)
Method of moments type estimators
216(1)
Least-squares estimators
216(1)
Minimal distance method
217(1)
Fractional moment estimation
218(1)
Extensions
218(1)
Other cases
219(3)
Log-Laplace distribution
219(1)
Generalized Laplace distribution
219(1)
Sargan distribution
220(1)
Geometric stable laws
220(2)
ν-stable laws
222(1)
Exercises
222(5)
II Multivariate Distributions 227(46)
Introduction
229(2)
Symmetric Multivariate Laplace Distribution
231(8)
Bivariate case
231(3)
Definition
231(1)
Moments
232(1)
Densities
232(1)
Simulation of bivariate Laplace variates
233(1)
General symmetric multivariate case
234(2)
Definition
234(1)
Moments and densities
235(1)
Exercises
236(3)
Asymmetric Multivariate Laplace Distribution
239(34)
Bivariate case: Definition and basic properties
240(3)
Definition
240(1)
Moments
241(1)
Densities
241(1)
Simulation of bivariate asymmetric Laplace variates
242(1)
General multivariate asymmetric case
243(3)
Definition
243(1)
Special cases
244(2)
Representations
246(2)
Basic representation
246(1)
Polar representation
247(1)
Subordinated Brownian motion
248(1)
Simulation algorithm
248(1)
Moments and densities
249(2)
Mean vector and covariance matrix
249(1)
Densities in the general case
249(1)
Densities in the symmetric case
250(1)
Densities in the one-dimensional case
250(1)
Densities in the case of odd dimension
251(1)
Unimodality
251(2)
Unimodality
251(1)
A related representation
252(1)
Conditional distributions
253(1)
Conditional distributions
253(1)
Conditional mean and convariance matrix
254(1)
Linear transformations
254(2)
Linear combinations
254(1)
Linear regression
255(1)
Infinite divisibility properties
256(2)
Infinite divisibility
256(1)
Asymmetric Laplace motion
257(1)
Geometric infinite divisibility
258(1)
Stability properties
258(3)
Limits of random sums
258(1)
Stability under random summation
259(1)
Stability of deterministic sums
260(1)
Linear regression with Laplace errors
261(7)
Least-squares estimation
261(1)
Estimation of σ2
262(1)
The distributions of standard t and F statistics
263(1)
Inference from the estimated regression function
264(1)
Estimating the regression function at X0
264(1)
Forecasting a new observation at x0
264(1)
Maximum likelihood estimation
265(2)
Bayesian estimation
267(1)
Exercises
268(5)
III Applications 273(42)
Introduction
275(2)
Engineering Sciences
277(12)
Detection in the presence of Laplace noise
277(3)
Encoding and decoding of analog signals
280(1)
Optimal quantizer in image and speech compression
281(3)
Fracture problems
284(1)
Wind shear data
285(1)
Error distributions in navigations
286(3)
Financial Data
289(14)
Underreported data
289(1)
Interest rate data
290(2)
Currency exchange rates
292(2)
Share market return models
294(2)
Introduction
294(1)
Stock market returns
294(2)
Option pricing
296(1)
Stochastic variance Value-at-Risk models
297(3)
A jump diffusion model for asset pricing with Laplace distributed jump-sizes
300(2)
Price changes modeled by Laplace-Weibull mixtures
302(1)
Inventory Management and Quality Control
303(6)
Demand during lead time
303(1)
Acceptance sampling for Laplace distributed quality characteristics
304(2)
Steam generator inspection
306(1)
Adjustment of statistical process control
306(2)
Duplicate check-sampling of the metallic content
308(1)
Astronomy and the Biological and Environmental Sciences
309(6)
Sizes of sand particles, diamonds, and beans
309(1)
Pulses in long bright gamma-ray bursts
310(1)
Random fluctuations of response rate
311(1)
Modeling low dose responses
312(1)
Multivariate elliptically contoured distributions for repeated measurements
312(1)
ARMA models with Laplace noise in the environmental time series
313(2)
Appendix: Bessel Functions 315(4)
References 319(24)
Index 343

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