Name: Information Modeling the EXPRESS Way
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ISBN: 9780195087147

Preface	p. xix
Introduction	p. xxiii
Typographic conventions	p. xxv
Definitions	p. xxvii
Information Modeling	p. 1
Information and communication	p. 5
What is information?	p. 5
Information models	p. 10
Exercises	p. 11
Further reading	p. 11
Models and representations	p. 12
Organizing principles	p. 13
Categorization	p. 13
Grouping	p. 13
Shielding from details	p. 13
Aggregations and ordering	p. 14
Terminology	p. 14
Representations	p. 15
Graphical representations	p. 17
Entity-Relationship	p. 18
Express-G	p. 19
IDEF1X	p. 20
NIAM	p. 21
OMT	p. 22
Shlaer-Mellor	p. 23
Lexical representations	p. 24
DAPLEX	p. 24
Express	p. 25
GEM	p. 26
SQL	p. 26
Graphical vs. lexical representations	p. 27
Exercises	p. 28
Further reading	p. 29
The modeling process	p. 31
The team	p. 31
Phase 1: Basic objects	p. 33
Phase 2: Relationships and attributes	p. 35
Phase 3: Completion of constraints	p. 36
Phase 4: Model integration	p. 37
Further reading	p. 37
A worked example	p. 39
The starting specification	p. 39
Scope	p. 39
Description	p. 40
The base model	p. 41
Categorization and specialization	p. 42
Attributes	p. 43
Uniqueness constraints	p. 45
Local constraints	p. 46
Existence constraints	p. 47
Documentation	p. 48
Basic example model	p. 48
Relationships and attributes	p. 50
Use of simple types	p. 50
Subtypes revisited	p. 52
Redundancy elimination	p. 54
Local constraints	p. 56
Module structure	p. 58
Refined model	p. 59
Model completion	p. 63
Exercises	p. 65
Further reading	p. 67
Modeling principles	p. 68
Readability	p. 68
Scoping	p. 69
The nym principle	p. 70
Context independence	p. 70
Implementation independence	p. 72
Abstraction	p. 73
Invariance	p. 73
Constraint	p. 75
Structure	p. 75
Constraint functions	p. 77
Reality	p. 78
Redundancy	p. 79
Concepts	p. 79
Syntax	p. 79
Implied correspondence	p. 80
Optional and default values	p. 81
Hierarchies	p. 82
Inheritance	p. 82
Data aggregation	p. 82
Simple types	p. 83
Exercises	p. 83
Further reading	p. 85
Integration and specialization	p. 86
Supertypes and subtypes	p. 86
Schema interfacing	p. 89
Model integration	p. 91
Cosmetic integration	p. 92
Editorial integration	p. 92
Continuity integration	p. 94
Structural integration	p. 94
Core based integration	p. 95
Evolutionary based integration	p. 95
Model quality	p. 95
Subsets and specialization	p. 96
Subsetting	p. 96
Specialization	p. 98
ASIM structure	p. 99
Exercises	p. 101
Further reading	p. 103
Model documentation	p. 104
General	p. 104
Embedded style	p. 105
Partitioned style	p. 107
Putting it together	p. 107
Exercises	p. 111
Further reading	p. 111
Express information bases	p. 113
Information bases	p. 113
The Express connection	p. 115
The computer connection	p. 116
Environment	p. 116
Editor	p. 117
Capitalizer and pretty printer	p. 117
Parser	p. 117
Semantic analyzer	p. 117
Visualizer	p. 118
Compiler	p. 118
Documenter	p. 118
Further reading	p. 118
The Express Language	p. 121
Basic elements	p. 127
Composing the source	p. 127
The character set	p. 128
Remark	p. 130
Embedded remark	p. 130
Tail remark	p. 130
Symbols	p. 131
Reserved words	p. 131
Identifiers	p. 132
Literals	p. 133
Binary literal	p. 133
Integer literal	p. 133
Real literal	p. 134
String literal	p. 134
Logical literal	p. 135
Aggregate literal	p. 135
Entity literal	p. 136
Answers to Exercises	p. 137
Datatypes	p. 139
Pseudotypes	p. 140
Generic pseudotype	p. 140
Aggregate pseudotype	p. 140
Simple datatypes	p. 141
Number datatype	p. 141
Real datatype	p. 142
Integer datatype	p. 142
Logical datatype	p. 143
Boolean datatype	p. 143
String datatype	p. 143
Binary datatype	p. 144
Collection datatypes	p. 145
Array datatype	p. 146
Bag datatype	p. 147
List datatype	p. 147
Set datatype	p. 148
Enumeration type	p. 149
Select type	p. 150
Answers to Exercises	p. 151
Declarations	p. 152
Schema	p. 153
Constant	p. 153
Type	p. 154
Entity	p. 156
Attribute	p. 157
Local rule	p. 162
Supertypes and subtypes	p. 165
Interpreting supertype relationships	p. 170
Implicit declarations	p. 170
Algorithm	p. 171
Formal parameter	p. 171
Local variable	p. 173
Function	p. 173
Procedure	p. 174
Rule	p. 175
Answers to Exercises	p. 177
References	p. 179
Names, scope and visibility	p. 179
The anatomy of a name	p. 181
References in general	p. 182
Entity references	p. 182
Type references	p. 183
Attribute references	p. 183
Enumeration item references	p. 183
Function references	p. 184
Variable references	p. 184
Answers to Exercises	p. 185
Executable statements	p. 187
Null (statement)	p. 187
Alias statement	p. 188
Assignment statement	p. 188
Case statement	p. 189
Compound statement	p. 190
If ... Then ... Else Statement	p. 190
Procedure call statement	p. 191
Repeat statement	p. 191
Increment control	p. 193
While control	p. 193
Until control	p. 194
Escape statement	p. 194
Skip statement	p. 194
Return statement	p. 195
Answers to Exercises	p. 195
Expressions	p. 196
Numeric valued operations	p. 197
Logical and boolean valued operations	p. 198
NOT operator	p. 199
AND operator	p. 199
OR operator	p. 199
XOR operator	p. 199
Comparison	p. 200
Interval	p. 202
IN operator	p. 203
LIKE operator	p. 203
Subset operator	p. 204
Superset operator	p. 204
String and binary valued operations	p. 204
Aggregate valued operations	p. 205
Intersection operator	p. 205
Union operator	p. 205
Difference operator	p. 206
Query expression	p. 206
Function call	p. 207
Answers to Exercises	p. 209
Interfacing	p. 211
The interface specification	p. 212
Use	p. 213
Reference	p. 213
Multiple specifications	p. 214
Chaining	p. 214
Implicit references	p. 214
Subtype pruning	p. 215
Independent existence	p. 216
Putting it all together	p. 217
Express Syntax	p. 220
A graphical form of Express	p. 235
Graphics requirements	p. 236
Model forms	p. 236
Example model	p. 236
Further reading	p. 238
Symbols	p. 239
Definition symbols	p. 239
Simple type symbols	p. 239
Type symbols	p. 239
Entity symbol	p. 240
Schema symbol	p. 240
Algorithm symbols	p. 240
Relationship symbols	p. 241
Composition symbols	p. 242
Page references	p. 242
Inter-schema references	p. 244
Express-G models	p. 245
Schema level model	p. 245
Entity level model	p. 246
Role names and cardinalities	p. 246
Constraints	p. 247
Type modeling	p. 247
Entity modeling	p. 248
Inter-schema references	p. 250
Complete and partial models	p. 250
Complete models	p. 251
Partial models	p. 251
Sample Models	p. 253
The Express-I Language	p. 259
Governing principles	p. 260
Basic values	p. 262
Numbers	p. 262
Strings	p. 263
Enumeration items	p. 263
Select values	p. 264
Aggregate values	p. 264
Entity values and representations	p. 265
Attribute values	p. 266
Supertypes and subtypes	p. 267
Constant values	p. 268
Schema data instance	p. 268
Usage notes	p. 270
Express data examples	p. 270
Abstract test cases	p. 271
Object bases	p. 271
Input	p. 271
Output	p. 272
Code testing	p. 272
Non-Express data examples	p. 272
Express-I Syntax	p. 273
Express example model	p. 280
Scope	p. 280
Model overview	p. 280
Authority schema	p. 281
Entity definitions	p. 282
Function and procedure definitions	p. 284
Entity classification structure	p. 287
Support schema	p. 287
Type definitions	p. 287
Entity definitions	p. 289
Function and procedure definitions	p. 295
Entity classification structure	p. 297
Calendar schema	p. 297
Type definitions	p. 298
Entity definitions	p. 298
Function and procedure definitions	p. 299
Entity classification structure	p. 301
Example model instance	p. 302
The authority schema instance	p. 303
The support schema instance	p. 304
The calendar schema instance	p. 307
Interpreting supertype relationships	p. 309
Relationships and cardinality	p. 316
Forward cardinality of [1:1]	p. 317
Inverse cardinality of [1:1]	p. 318
Inverse cardinality of [0:1]	p. 319
Inverse cardinality of [1:?]	p. 320
Inverse cardinality of [0:?]	p. 320
Forward cardinality of [0:1]	p. 321
Inverse cardinality of [1:1]	p. 321
Inverse cardinality of [0:1]	p. 322
Inverse cardinality of [1:?]	p. 323
Inverse cardinality of [0:?]	p. 323
Forward cardinality of [1:?]	p. 324
Inverse cardinality of [1:1]	p. 324
Inverse cardinality of [0:1]	p. 325
Inverse cardinality of [1:?]	p. 325
Inverse cardinality of [0:?]	p. 326
Forward cardinality of [0:?]	p. 326
Inverse cardinality of [1:1]	p. 326
Inverse cardinality of [0:1]	p. 327
Inverse cardinality of [1:?]	p. 328
Inverse cardinality of [0:?]	p. 328
An Express Meta-model	p. 330
Scope	p. 330
The metaExpress Schema	p. 331
Support Schema	p. 332
Resources	p. 354
Standard constants	p. 354
Constant E	p. 354
Indeterminate	p. 354
False	p. 355
Pi	p. 355
Self	p. 355
True	p. 355
Unknown	p. 355
Standard functions and procedures	p. 355
Abs	p. 355
ACos	p. 356
ASin	p. 356
ATan	p. 356
BLength	p. 357
Cos	p. 357
Exists	p. 357
Exp	p. 358
Format	p. 358
HiBound	p. 359
HiIndex	p. 360
Insert	p. 361
Length	p. 361
LoBound	p. 361
Log--Log2--Log10	p. 362
LoIndex	p. 362
NVL	p. 363
Odd	p. 363
Remove	p. 364
RolesOf	p. 364
Sin	p. 365
SizeOf	p. 365
Sqrt	p. 366
Tan	p. 366
TypeOf	p. 366
UsedIn	p. 367
Value	p. 368
Bibliography	p. 369
Index	p. 381
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Information Modeling the EXPRESS Way

9780195087147

0195087143

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