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9780792385189

The Design and Implementation of Low-Power Cmos Radio Receivers

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780792385189

  • ISBN10:

    0792385187

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 1999-05-01
  • Publisher: Kluwer Academic Pub
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Supplemental Materials

What is included with this book?

Summary

The primary goal of The Design and Implementation of Low-Power CMOS Radio Receivers is to explore techniques for implementing wireless receivers in an inexpensive complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Although the techniques developed apply somewhat generally across many classes of receivers, the specific focus of this work is on the Global Positioning System (GPS). Because GPS provides a convenient vehicle for examining CMOS receivers, a brief overview of the GPS system and its implications for consumer electronics is presented. The GPS system comprises 24 satellites in low earth orbit that continuously broadcast their position and local time. Through satellite range measurements, a receiver can determine its absolute position and time to within about 100m anywhere on Earth, as long as four satellites are within view. The deployment of this satellite network was completed in 1994 and, as a result, consumer markets for GPS navigation capabilities are beginning to blossom. Examples include automotive or maritime navigation, intelligent hand-off algorithms in cellular telephony, and cellular emergency services, to name a few. Of particular interest in the context of this book are embedded GPS applications where a GPS receiver is just one component of a larger system. Widespread proliferation of embedded GPS capability will require receivers that are compact, cheap and low-power. The Design and Implementation of Low-Power CMOS Radio Receivers will be of interest to professional radio engineers, circuit designers, professors and students engaged in integrated radio research and other researchers who work in the radio field.

Table of Contents

List of Figures
xi
List of Tables
xv
Foreword xvii
Acknowledgments xix
Introduction xxi
Derek K. Shaeffer
Radio Receiver Architectures
1(18)
The Radio Spectrum
1(2)
Classical Receiver Architectures
3(14)
Crystal Detectors
3(2)
Heterodyne
5(1)
Regenerative Receiver
6(2)
Superheterodyne
8(1)
Superregenerative Receiver
9(2)
Autodyne and Homodyne
11(1)
Single-Sideband Transmission
11(3)
Hartley Modulator
14(1)
Weaver Modulator
14(3)
Summary
17(2)
Fundamentals of Radio Reception
19(20)
Noise in Radio Receivers
19(3)
Signal Distortion and Dynamic Range
22(2)
Frequency Conversion and Frequency Planning
24(4)
Cascaded Systems
28(3)
Integrated Receivers
31(3)
Passive Components and the Filter Problem
31(1)
Isolation and Substrate Noise
32(1)
Power, Voltage and Current
33(1)
Review of Recent CMOS Receivers
34(3)
Summary
37(2)
A Global Positioning System Receiver Architecture
39(8)
The Global Positioning System
39(2)
Typical GPS Receiver Architectures
41(1)
Opportunities for a Low-IF Architecture
42(1)
GPS Receiver Architecture
43(3)
Image Noise Cancellation
44(1)
Receiver Gain Plan
45(1)
Summary
46(1)
Low-Noise Amplification in CMOS at Radio Frequencies
47(30)
Recent LNA Research
48(4)
LNA Architectural Analysis
52(10)
Standard MOS Noise Model
52(2)
LNA Architecture
54(3)
Extended MOS Noise Model
57(3)
Extended LNA Noise Analysis
60(2)
LNA Design Considerations
62(13)
A Second-Order MOSFET Model
63(1)
Noise Figure Optimization Techniques
64(1)
Fixed Gm Optimization
65(1)
Fixed PD Optimization
66(1)
Comparison with the Classical Approach
67(4)
A Note on MOS Noise Simulation Models
71(2)
Additional Design Considerations
73(2)
Summary
75(2)
CMOS Mixers
77(14)
Review of Mixer Architectures
77(2)
The Double-Balanced CMOS Voltage Mixer
79(11)
Basic Mixer Conversion Gain
80(3)
LTV Conversion Gain Analysis
83(4)
Mixer Noise Figure
87(2)
Mixer Linearity
89(1)
Summary
90(1)
Power-Efficient Active Filters
91(20)
Passive and Active Filter Techniques
91(4)
Dynamic Range of the Active Gm-C Filter
95(7)
Noise Figure
96(1)
3rd-Order Intermodulation Distortion
97(3)
Optimizing Dynamic Range
100(2)
Power-Efficient Transconductors
102(7)
A Class-AB Transconductor
103(2)
A Survey of Transconductor Architectures
105(3)
Transconductor Implementation
108(1)
Summary
109(2)
An Experimental CMOS Global Positioning System Receiver
111(22)
Low-Noise Amplifier
111(2)
Voltage-Switching Mixer and LO Drivers
113(2)
Intermediate Frequency Amplifier
115(2)
Active Filter
117(4)
Limiting Amplifier and Comparator
121(2)
Biasing Details
123(2)
Experimental Results
125(6)
Summary
131(2)
Conclusions
133(3)
Summary
133(1)
Recommendations for Future Work
134(2)
Appendices 136(1)
A-- Cross-correlation Properties of Limited Gaussian Noise Channels 137(6)
1. Limited Gaussian Noise
137(2)
2. Cross-Correlation in the Weaver Receiver
139(4)
B-- Classical MOSFET Noise Analysis 143(4)
C-- Experimental CMOS Low-Noise Amplifiers 147(14)
1. An Experimental Single-Ended LNA
147(6)
1.1. Implementation
147(2)
1.2 Experimental Results
149(4)
2. An Experimental Differential LNA
153(8)
2.1 Implementation
155(1)
2.2 Experimental Results
156(5)
D-- Measurement Techniques 161(8)
1. LNA Noise Figure Measurements
161(2)
2. Pre-Limiter Receiver Measurements
163(3)
3. Whole Receiver Verification
166(3)
References 169(8)
Index 177

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