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9781846284588

Control Design Techniques in Power Electronics Devices

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9781846284588

  • ISBN10:

    1846284589

  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2006-07-01
  • Publisher: Springer Verlag
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Summary

Power electronics systems are physical devices that can be modelled mathematically as controlled dynamical systems. This makes them suitable for the application of existing control theory, particularly in the design of their regulatory subsystems. For years there has been a perceived need to bring the disciplines of power electronics and theoretical control into closer co-operation, demonstrating the potentially great advantages of, at first sight, rather obscure control theory to power specialists while making control technicians better aware of the fundamental needs and limitations of power electronics design.Control Design Techniques in Power Electronics Devices deals specifically with control theories relevant to the design of control units for switched power electronics devices, for the most part represented by DC'DC converters and supplies, by rectifiers of different kinds and by inverters with varying topologies. The theoretical methods for designing controllers in linear and nonlinear systems are accompanied by multiple case studies and examples showing their application in the emerging field of power electronics. The book is introduced through the very important topic of modeling switched power electronics as controlled dynamical systems. Detailed circuit layouts, schematics and actual closed-loop control responses from a representative group of the plants under discussion and generated by applying the theory are included.The control theories which feature in the book are: sliding mode control and feedback control by means of approximate linearization (linear state feedback, static and dynamic proportional-integral-differential (PID control), output feedback trough observer design, Lyapunov-based control and passivity-based control). Nonlinear control design methods represented include: exact feedback linearization, input-output linearization, differential flatness, generalized PID control and, again, passivity-based control.This monograph will be of interest to researchers in power systems and their related control problems. It will also assist tutors and students in these fields with its dydactic style and its rich source of worked-out application examples from a broad spectrum of control theories.

Author Biography

Hebertt Sira-Ramirez has published his work in 4 books, 20 book chapters, many of them in Springer-Verlag volumes, 114 journal publications in credited, refereed, journals and over 192 specialized international conferences. He obtained his MSEE and his PhD, both from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Cambridge, USA) in 1972 and 1977, respectively. He worked as a professor, and researcher, for 28 years at the Universidad de Los Andes in Merida, Venezuela, and has worked for the last 7 years in a Scientific Research Institute in Mexico City (Cinvestav-IPN). He is a member of the IFAC Technical Committee on Non-Linear Control Systems.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction 1(10)
Part I Modelling
2 Modelling of DC-to-DC Power Converters
11(50)
2.1 Introduction
11(2)
2.2 The Buck Converter
13(7)
2.2.1 Model of the Converter
14(1)
2.2.2 Normalization
15(1)
2.2.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
16(2)
2.2.4 A Buck Converter Prototype
18(2)
2.3 The Boost Converter
20(7)
2.3.1 Model of the Converter
22(1)
2.3.2 Normalization
23(1)
2.3.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
23(1)
2.3.4 Alternative Model of the Boost Converter
24(1)
2.3.5 A Boost Converter Prototype
25(2)
2.4 The Buck-Boost Converter
27(4)
2.4.1 Model of the Converter
27(1)
2.4.2 Normalization
28(1)
2.4.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
29(1)
2.4.4 A Buck-Boost Converter Prototype
30(1)
2.5 The Non-inverting Buck-Boost Converter
31(3)
2.5.1 Model of the Converter
31(1)
2.5.2 Normalization
32(1)
2.5.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
33(1)
2.6 The Cúk Converter
34(4)
2.6.1 Model of the Converter
35(1)
2.6.2 Normalization
36(1)
2.6.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
37(1)
2.7 The Sepic Converter
38(3)
2.7.1 Model of the Converter
39(1)
2.7.2 Normalization
39(1)
2.7.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
40(1)
2.8 The Zeta Converter
41(3)
2.8.1 Model of the Converter
41(2)
2.8.2 Normalization
43(1)
2.8.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
43(1)
2.9 The Quadratic Buck Converter
44(2)
2.9.1 Model of the Converter
44(1)
2.9.2 Normalized Model
45(1)
2.9.3 Equilibrium Point
45(1)
2.9.4 Static Transfer Function
46(1)
2.10 The Boost-Boost Converter
46(4)
2.10.1 Model of the Boost-Boost Converter
47(1)
2.10.2 Average Normalized Model
47(1)
2.10.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
47(2)
2.10.4 Alternative Model of the Boost-Boost Converter
49(1)
2.10.5 A Boost-Boost Converter Experimental Prototype
50(1)
2.11 The Double Buck-Boost Converter
50(2)
2.11.1 Model of the Double Buck-Boost Converter
51(1)
2.11.2 Average Normalized Model
51(1)
2.11.3 Equilibrium Point and Static Transfer Function
51(1)
2.12 Power Converter Models with Non-ideal Components
52(2)
2.13 A General Mathematical Model for Power Electronics Devices
54(7)
2.13.1 Some Illustrative Examples of the General Model
56(5)
Part II Controller Design Methods
3 Sliding Mode Control
61(62)
3.1 Introduction
61(1)
3.2 Variable Structure Systems
62(9)
3.2.1 Control of Single Switch Regulated Systems
62(2)
3.2.2 Sliding Surfaces
64(1)
3.2.3 Notation
65(1)
3.2.4 Equivalent Control and the Ideal Sliding Dynamics
65(2)
3.2.5 Accessibility of the Sliding Surface
67(2)
3.2.6 Invariance Conditions for Matched Perturbations
69(2)
3.3 Control of the Boost Converter
71(7)
3.3.1 Direct Control
71(1)
3.3.2 Indirect Control
72(2)
3.3.3 Simulations
74(1)
3.3.4 Experimental Implementation
75(3)
3.4 Control of the Buck-Boost Converter
78(4)
3.4.1 Direct Control
79(1)
3.4.2 Indirect Control
80(1)
3.4.3 Simulations
81(1)
3.5 Control of the Cúk Converter
82(5)
3.5.1 Direct Control
83(1)
3.5.2 Indirect Control
84(2)
3.5.3 Simulations
86(1)
3.6 Control of the Zeta Converter
87(4)
3.6.1 Direct Control
88(1)
3.6.2 Indirect Control
88(2)
3.6.3 Simulations
90(1)
3.7 Control of the Quadratic Buck Converter
91(4)
3.7.1 Direct Control
92(1)
3.7.2 Indirect Control
93(2)
3.7.3 Simulations
95(1)
3.8 Multi-variable Case
95(7)
3.8.1 Sliding Surfaces
97(2)
3.8.2 Equivalent Control and Ideal Sliding Dynamics
99(1)
3.8.3 Invariance with Respect to Matched Perturbations
100(1)
3.8.4 Accessibility of the Sliding Surface
101(1)
3.9 Control of the Boost-Boost Converter
102(6)
3.9.1 Direct Control
103(1)
3.9.2 Indirect Control
104(1)
3.9.3 Simulations
105(1)
3.9.4 Experimental Sliding Mode Control Implementation
105(3)
3.10 Control of the Double Buck-Boost Converter
108(4)
3.10.1 Direct Control
109(1)
3.10.2 Indirect Control
110(1)
3.10.3 Simulations
111(1)
3.11 Σ – Δ Modulation
112(11)
3.11.1 Σ – Δ-Modulators
113(2)
3.11.2 Average Feedbacks and Σ – Δ-Modulation
115(3)
3.11.3 A Hardware Realization of a Σ – Δ-Modulator
118(5)
4 Approximate Linearization in the Control of Power Electronics Devices
123(112)
4.1 Introduction
123(1)
4.2 Linear Feedback Control
124(18)
4.2.1 Pole Placement by Full State Feedback
124(2)
4.2.2 Pole Placement Based on Observer Design
126(2)
4.2.3 Reduced Order Observers
128(2)
4.2.4 Flatness
130(3)
4.2.5 Generalized Proportional Integral Controllers
133(3)
4.2.6 Passivity Based Control
136(3)
4.2.7 A Hamiltonian Systems Viewpoint
139(3)
4.3 The Buck Converter
142(26)
4.3.1 Generalities about the Average Normalized Model
142(2)
4.3.2 Controller Design by Pole Placement
144(1)
4.3.3 Proportional-Derivative Control via State Feedback
145(1)
4.3.4 Trajectory Tracking
146(4)
4.3.5 Fliess' Generalized Canonical Forms
150(2)
4.3.6 State Feedback Control via Observer Design
152(2)
4.3.7 GPI Controller Design
154(2)
4.3.8 Passivity Based Control
156(3)
4.3.9 The Hamiltonian Systems Viewpoint
159(3)
4.3.10 Implementation of the Linear Passivity Based Control for the Buck Converter
162(6)
4.4 The Boost Converter
168(21)
4.4.1 Generalities about the Average Normalized Model
168(4)
4.4.2 Control via State Feedback
172(2)
4.4.3 Proportional-Derivative State Feedback Control
174(2)
4.4.4 Trajectory Tracking
176(5)
4.4.5 Fliess' Generalized Canonical Form
181(1)
4.4.6 State Feedback Control via Observer Design
182(1)
4.4.7 GPI Controller Design
183(2)
4.4.8 Passivity Based Control
185(2)
4.4.9 The Hamiltonian Systems Viewpoint
187(2)
4.5 The Buck-Boost Converter
189(21)
4.5.1 Generalities about the Model
189(4)
4.5.2 State Feedback Controller Design
193(2)
4.5.3 Dynamic Proportional-Derivative State Feedback Control
195(3)
4.5.4 Trajectory Tracking
198(1)
4.5.5 Fliess' Generalized Canonical Forms
199(1)
4.5.6 Control via Observer Design
200(2)
4.5.7 GPI Controller Design
202(2)
4.5.8 Passivity Based Control
204(1)
4.5.9 The Hamiltonian Systems Viewpoint
205(2)
4.5.10 Experimental Passivity based Control of the Buck-Boost Converter
207(3)
4.6 The Cúk Converter
210(4)
4.6.1 Generalities about the Model
210(3)
4.6.2 The Hamiltonian System Approach
213(1)
4.7 The Zeta Converter
214(5)
4.7.1 Generalities about the Model
214(4)
4.7.2 The Hamiltonian System Approach
218(1)
4.8 The Quadratic Buck Converter
219(10)
4.8.1 Generalities about the Model
219(4)
4.8.2 State Feedback Controller Design
223(4)
4.8.3 The Hamiltonian System Approach
227(2)
4.9 The Boost-Boost Converter
229(6)
4.9.1 Generalities about the Model
229(4)
4.9.2 The Hamiltonian System Approach
233(2)
5 Nonlinear Methods in the Control of Power Electronics Devices
235(126)
5.1 Introduction
235(1)
5.2 Feedback Linearization
236(25)
5.2.1 Isidori's Canonical Form
236(2)
5.2.2 Input-Output Feedback Linearization
238(2)
5.2.3 State Feedback Linearization
240(3)
5.2.4 The Boost Converter
243(3)
5.2.5 The Buck-Boost Converter
246(3)
5.2.6 The Cúk Converter
249(5)
5.2.7 The Sepic Converter
254(4)
5.2.8 The Zeta Converter
258(3)
5.2.9 The Quadratic Buck Converter
261(1)
5.3 Passivity Based Control
261(21)
5.3.1 The Boost Converter
263(3)
5.3.2 The Buck-Boost Converter
266(3)
5.3.3 The Cúk Converter
269(3)
5.3.4 The Sepic Converter
272(2)
5.3.5 The Zeta Converter
274(5)
5.3.6 The Quadratic Buck Converter
279(3)
5.4 Exact Error Dynamics Passive Output Feedback Control
282(27)
5.4.1 A General Result
282(4)
5.4.2 The Boost Converter
286(2)
5.4.3 Experimental Implementation
288(3)
5.4.4 The Buck-Boost Converter
291(2)
5.4.5 The Cúk Converter
293(1)
5.4.6 The Sepic Converter
294(4)
5.4.7 The Zeta Converter
298(3)
5.4.8 The Quadratic Buck Converter
301(3)
5.4.9 The Boost-Boost Converter
304(2)
5.4.10 The Double Buck-Boost Converter
306(3)
5.5 Error Dynamics Passive Output Feedback
309(7)
5.5.1 The Boost Converter
312(3)
5.5.2 Experimental Results
315(1)
5.6 Control via Fliess' Generalized Canonical Form
316(15)
5.6.1 The Boost Converter
317(5)
5.6.2 The Buck-Boost Converter
322(4)
5.6.3 The Quadratic Buck Converter
326(5)
5.7 Nonlinear Observers for Power Converters
331(6)
5.7.1 Full Order Observers
331(2)
5.7.2 The Boost Converter
333(2)
5.7.3 The Buck-Boost Converter
335(2)
5.8 Reduced Order Observers
337(6)
5.8.1 The Boost Converter
337(4)
5.8.2 The Buck-Boost Converter
341(2)
5.9 GPI Sliding Mode Control
343(18)
5.9.1 The Buck Converter
344(6)
5.9.2 The Boost Converter
350(5)
5.9.3 The Buck-Boost Converter
355(6)
Part III Applications
6 DC-to-AC Power Conversion
361(24)
6.1 Introduction
361(2)
6.2 Nominal Trajectories in DC-to-AC Power Conversion
363(8)
6.2.1 The Buck Converter
363(2)
6.2.2 Two-Sided Σ – Δ Modulation
365(1)
6.2.3 The Boost Converter
366(4)
6.2.4 The Buck-Boost Converter
370(1)
6.3 An Approximate Linearization Approach
371(3)
6.3.1 The Boost Converter
371(2)
6.3.2 The Buck-Boost Converter
373(1)
6.4 A Flatness Based Approach
374(4)
6.4.1 The Double Bridge Buck Converter
374(1)
6.4.2 The Boost Converter
375(1)
6.4.3 The Buck-Boost Converter
376(2)
6.5 A Sliding Mode Control Approach
378(2)
6.5.1 The Boost Converter
378(1)
6.5.2 A Feasible Indirect Input Current Tracking Approach
378(2)
6.6 Exact Tracking. Error Dynamics Passive Output Feedback Control
380(5)
6.6.1 The Double Bridge Buck Converter
380(1)
6.6.2 The Boost Converter
381(2)
6.6.3 The Buck-Boost Converter
383(2)
7 AC Rectifiers
385(30)
7.1 Introduction
385(1)
7.2 Boost Unit Power Factor Rectifier
386(6)
7.2.1 Model of the Monophasic Boost Rectifier
386(1)
7.2.2 The Control Objectives
387(1)
7.2.3 Steady State Considerations
387(1)
7.2.4 Exact Open Loop Tracking Error Dynamics and Controller Design
388(1)
7.2.5 Simulations
389(1)
7.2.6 The Use of the Differential Flatness Property in the Passive Controller Design
389(3)
7.2.7 Simulations
392(1)
7.3 Three Phase Boost Rectifier
392(8)
7.3.1 The Three Phase Boost Rectifier Average Model
393(2)
7.3.2 A Static Passivity Based Controller
395(1)
7.3.3 Trajectory Planning
395(3)
7.3.4 Switched Implementation of the Average Design
398(1)
7.3.5 Simulations
399(1)
7.4 A Unit Power Factor Rectifier-DC Motor System
400(8)
7.4.1 The Combined Rectifier-DC Motor Model
400(3)
7.4.2 The Exact Tracking Error Dynamics Passive Output Feedback Controller
403(1)
7.4.3 Trajectory Generation
403(2)
7.4.4 Simulations
405(3)
7.5 A Three Phase Rectifier-DC Motor System
408(7)
7.5.1 The Combined Three Phase Rectifier DC Motor Model
408(1)
7.5.2 The Exact Tracking Error Dynamics Passive Output Feedback Controller
409(1)
7.5.3 Trajectory Generation
410(2)
7.5.4 Simulations
412(3)
References 415(6)
Index 421

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