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9780471614272

Introduction to Thermodynamics, Classical and Statistical, 3rd Edition

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780471614272

  • ISBN10:

    0471614270

  • Edition: 3rd
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 1991-01-01
  • Publisher: Wiley
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List Price: $248.50

Summary

Presents a comprehensive and rigorous treatment of thermodynamics while retaining an engineering perspective and, in so doing, provides a resource with considerable flexibility for the inclusion of material on thermodynamics. Updated for this Third Edition, it reflects an increased emphasis on environmental issues and a recognition of the steadily growing use of computers in the study of thermodynamics and solution of thermodynamic problems. Contains numerous examples, as well as problems at the end of each chapter that are carefully sequenced to reflect the subject matter.

Table of Contents

Symbols xv
Some Introductory Comments
1(15)
The Simple Steam Power Plant
1(4)
Fuel Cells
5(3)
The Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle
8(1)
The Thermoelectric Refrigerator
9(3)
The Air Separation Plant
12(1)
The Chemical Rocket Engine
13(1)
Environmental Issues
14(2)
Some Concepts and Definitions
16(21)
The Thermodynamic System and the Control Volume
16(1)
Macroscopic versus Microscopic Point of View
17(1)
Properties and State of a Substance
18(1)
Processes and Cycles
19(2)
Units for Mass, Length, Time, and Force
21(3)
Energy
24(3)
Specific Volume
27(1)
Pressure
27(2)
Equality of Temperature
29(1)
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
30(1)
Temperature Scales
30(2)
The International Temperature Scale of 1990
32(5)
Properties of a Pure Substance
37(26)
The Pure Substance
37(1)
Vapor-Liquid-Solid-Phase Equilibrium in a Pure Substance
37(7)
Independent Properties of a Pure Substance
44(1)
Equations of State for the Vapor Phase of a Simple Compressible Substance
44(5)
Tables of Thermodynamic Properties
49(4)
Thermodynamic Surfaces
53(10)
Work and Heat
63(23)
Definition of Work
63(1)
Units for Work
64(1)
Work Done at the Moving Boundary of a Simple Compressible System in a Quasi-equilibrium Process
65(6)
Some Other Systems in Which Work is Done at a Moving Boundary
71(1)
Systems That Have Other Modes of Work
72(2)
Some Concluding Remarks Regarding Work
74(2)
Definition of Heat
76(1)
Units of Heat
77(1)
Comparison of Heat and Work
78(8)
The First Law of Thermodynamics
86(34)
The First Law of Thermodynamics for a System Undergoing a Cycle
86(1)
The First Law of Thermodynamics for a Change in State of a System
87(4)
Internal Energy--A Thermodynamic Property
91(2)
Problem Analysis and Solution Technique
93(3)
The Thermodynamic Property Enthalpy
96(4)
The Constant-Volume and Constant-Pressure Specific Heats
100(2)
The Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and Specific Heat of Ideal Gases
102(7)
The First Law as a Rate Equation
109(1)
Conservation of Mass
110(10)
First-Law Analysis for a Control Volume
120(39)
Conservation of Mass and the Control Volume
120(4)
The First Law of Thermodynamics for a Control Volume
124(4)
The Steady-State, Steady-Flow Process
128(10)
The Joule-Thomson Coefficient and the Throttling Process
138(3)
The Uniform-State, Uniform-Flow Process
141(18)
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
159(26)
Heat Engines and Refrigerators
159(5)
Second Law of Thermodynamics
164(1)
The Reversible Process
164(3)
Factors That Render Processes Irreversible
167(3)
The Carnot Cycle
170(3)
Two Propositions Regarding the Efficiency of a Carnot Cycle
173(1)
The Thermodynamic Temperature Scale
174(3)
The Ideal-Gas Temperature Scale
177(2)
Equivalence of Ideal-Gas and Thermodynamic Temperature Scales
179(6)
Entropy
185(39)
Inequality of Clausius
185(4)
Entropy--A Property of a System
189(2)
The Entropy of a Pure Substance
191(3)
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes
194(3)
Two Important Thermodynamic Relations
197(2)
Entropy Change of a System During an Irreversible Process
199(1)
Lost Work
200(2)
Principle of the Increase of Entropy
202(3)
Entropy Change of a Solid or Liquid
205(1)
Entropy Change of an Ideal Gas
206(6)
The Reversible Polytropic Process for an Ideal Gas
212(12)
Second-Law Analysis for a Control Volume
224(40)
The Second Law of Thermodynamics for a Control Volume
224(3)
The Steady State, Steady-Flow Process and the Uniform-State, Uniform-Flow Process
227(5)
The Reversible Steady-State, Steady-Flow Process
232(3)
Principle of the Increase of Entropy
235(1)
Efficiency
236(3)
Available Energy, Reversible Work, and Irreversibility
239(5)
Availability and Second-Law Efficiency
244(6)
Processes Involving Chemical Reactions
250
Some General Comments Regarding Entropy
25t(264)
Some Power and Refrigeration Cycles
264(72)
Vapor Power Cycles
265(1)
The Rankine Cycle
265(3)
Effect of Pressure and Temperature on the Rankine Cycle
268
The Reheat Cycle
27t(273)
The Regenerative Cycle
273(6)
Deviation of Actual Cycles from Ideal Cycles
279(4)
Vapor Refrigeration Cycles
283(2)
Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycles
283(2)
Working Fluids for Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Systems
285(1)
Deviation of the Actual Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle from the Ideal Cycle
286(3)
The Ammonia Absorption Refrigeration Cycle
289(1)
Air-Standard Power Cycles
290(1)
Air-Standard Cycles
290(1)
The Air-Standard Carnot Cycle
291(2)
The Air-Standard Otto Cycle
293(4)
The Air-Standard Diesel Cycle
297(3)
The Ericsson and Stirling Cycles
300(2)
The Brayton Cycle
302(6)
The Simple Gas-Turbine Cycle with a Regenerator
308(3)
The Ideal Gas-Turbine Cycle Using Multistage Compression with Intercooling, Multistage Expansion with Reheating, and a Regenerator
311(1)
The Air-Standard Cycle for Jet Propulsion
311(4)
Air-Standard Refrigeration Cycle
315(1)
The Air-Standard Refrigeration Cycle
315(21)
An Introduction to the Thermodynamics of Mixtures
336(26)
General Considerations and Mixtures of Ideal Gases
336(7)
A Simplified Model of a Mixture of Gases and a Vapor
343(4)
The First Law Applied to Gas-Vapor Mixtures
347(2)
The Adiabatic Saturation Process
349(2)
Wet-Bulb and Dry-Bulb Temperatures
351(1)
The Psychrometric Chart
352(10)
Thermodynamic Relations
362(59)
Two Important Relations
362(3)
The Maxwell Relations
365(3)
The Property Relation for Mixtures
368(2)
The Clapeyron Equation
370(2)
Some Thermodynamic Relations Concerning Enthalpy, Internal Energy, and Entropy
372(6)
Some Thermodynamic Relations Concerning Specific Heat
378(2)
Volume Expansivity and Isothermal and Adiabatic Compressibility
380(4)
Developing Tables of Thermodynamic Properties from Experimental Data
384(2)
P-v-T Behavior of Real Gases
386(6)
Equations of State
392(4)
The Generalized Table/Chart for Changes of Enthalpy at Constant Temperature
396(3)
The Generalized Table/Chart for Changes of Entropy at Constant Temperature
399(4)
Fugacity and the Generalized Fugacity Table/Chart
403(3)
Equations of State and Pseudocritical State for Mixtures
406(15)
Chemical Reactions
421(46)
Fuels
421(3)
The Combustion Process
424(7)
Enthalpy of Formation
431(2)
First-Law Analysis of Reacting Systems
433(5)
Adiabatic Flame Temperature
438(2)
Enthalpy and the Internal Energy of Combustion; Heat of Reaction
440(4)
The Third Law of Thermodynamics and Absolute Entropy
444(1)
Second-Law Analysis of Reacting Systems
445(9)
Evaluation of Actual Combustion Processes
454(13)
Introduction to Phase and Chemical Equilibrium
467(39)
Requirements for Equilibrium
467(2)
Equilibrium Between Two Phases of a Pure Substance
469(5)
Equilibrium of a Multicomponent, Multiphase System
474(6)
The Gibbs Phase Rule (Without Chemical Reaction)
480(1)
Metastable Equilibrium
481(2)
Chemical Equilibrium
483(8)
Simultaneous Reactions
491(4)
Ionization
495(11)
Quantum Mechanics
506(22)
The Bohr Theory of the Atom
506(1)
Wave Characteristics of Electrons and the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
507(2)
The Schrodinger Wave Equation
509(2)
Translation
511(3)
Application of the Wave Equation to Molecules
514(1)
Electronic States of Atoms
515(8)
Molecular Rotation and Vibration
523(1)
The Pauli Exclusion Principle
524(4)
Molecular Distributions and Models
528(24)
Introduction
528(1)
Mathematical Probability
529(4)
Permutations, Combinations, and Repeated Trials
533(5)
Distribution Functions, Mean Values, and Deviations
538(4)
Molecular Distributions and Models
542(10)
Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics
552(21)
The Thermodynamic Equilibrium State
552(5)
The First Law of Thermodynamics
557(2)
Entropy
559(5)
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
564(4)
Thermodynamic Properties
568(5)
Applications of Statistical Thermodynamics
573(52)
Contributions to the Partition Function and to Properties
573(3)
Translation
576(3)
An Alternative Evaluation of the Translational Partition Function
579(1)
The Monatomic Gas
580(3)
The Maxwell-Boltzmann Velocity Distribution
583(6)
Free Molecular Flow
589(3)
The Diatomic Gas
592(8)
The Polyatomic Gas
600(3)
The Electron Gas in a Metal
603(4)
Mixtures of Gases
607(4)
Chemical Reaction and Equilibrium
611(14)
Appendix A Tables, Figures, and Charts 625(129)
Appendix B Computer Aided Thermodynamics 754(13)
Some Selected References 767(1)
Answers to Selected Problems 768(5)
Index 773

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