Summary

This is the first major review of the developments in clinical laboratory science in the 20th century presented in the words of the original inventors and discoverers. Introductory comments by the editor help place the works within the historical context. Landmark Papers addresses: *The origin of the home pregnancy test available today in every drugstore *The woman who invented a billion dollar technology, refused to patent it and went on to win a Nobel Prize *The scientists who worked on the US Governments crash program at the start of WWII to find a substitute for the malaria drug quinine *The blood test used to monitor the effectiveness of cholesterol lowering drugs that today are taken by over 20 million patients *The graduate student who invented a technology for testing for infectious diseases, took it to Africa to screen people for malaria for the first time and which is now used to test for HIV infection world-wide *The invention of molecular diagnostics by Linus Pauling and the road to individualized medicine *The development of the glucose meter used by diabetics up to six times a day to monitor their metabolic control

Preface
Immunoassay Technology Ria (Radioimmunoassay)
Assay of plasma insulin in man. FPIA (Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay)
Quantification of the antigen-antibody reaction by the polarization of fluorescence CPB (Competitive Protein Binding)
Determination of thyroxine utilizing the property of protein-binding. ELISA (Enzyme-
Linked Immunosorbent Assay)
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA. III EMITä (Enzyme Immunoassay Technique)
Rubenstein, K.E., Schneider, R. S., Ullman, E.F. (1972) "Homogeneous" enzyme immunoassay
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) Bromide
Rational bromide treatment. Sulfonamides
A New Coupling Component for Sulfanilamide Determination. Quinine and Quinidine
The estimation of quinine in human plasma with a note on the estimation of quinidine. Digoxin
Determination of therapeutic and toxic serum digoxin concentrations by radioimmunoassay. Theophylline
Determination of theophylline and its metabolites in human urine and serum by high-pressure liquid chromatography
Enzymology ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase, EC 3.1.3.1))
A method for the rapid determination of alkaline phosphatase with five cubic millimeters of serum. AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.1)
Transaminase activity in human blood. CK (Creatine Kinase, EC 2.7.3.2)
Separation of tissue and serum creatine kinase isoenzymes by ion-exchange column chromatography
Specific Analytes. Colorimetric Analysis with the Duboscq
A system of blood analysis. Blood Gases by Manometer
The determination of gases in blood and other solutions by vacuum extraction and manometric measurement I. Bilirubin, Total and Direct With the Filter Photometer
The determination of bilirubin with the photometric colorimeter. Proteins by the Biuret Reaction
Determination of serum proteins by means of the Biuret reaction. Methods for Pediatric and Neonatal Samples
Routine use of ultramicro methods in the clinical laboratory. Enzymatic Glucose
19
An immunological pregnancy test. Hemoglobin A1c
An Abnormal Hemoglobin in Red Cells of Diabetics LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) Cholesterol by Calculation
Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge
Instrumentation And Techniques Paper Electrophoresis
A microelectrophoretic and microionophoretic technique. Automated Analyzer
An automatic method for colorimetric analysis Enzymatic Glucose, Dry Reagents on Pads
Simple Specific Test for Urine Glucose. Blood Gas Elelctrodes
Electrodes for blood pO2 and pCO2 determination
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