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9780471715214

Ultra Wideband Wireless Communication

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780471715214

  • ISBN10:

    0471715212

  • Edition: 1st
  • Format: Hardcover
  • Copyright: 2006-10-13
  • Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
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Summary

An international panel of experts provide major research issues and a self-contained, rapid introduction to the theory and application of UWB This book delivers end-to-end coverage of recent advances in both the theory and practical design of ultra wideband (UWB) communication networks. Contributions offer a worldwide perspective on new and emerging applications, including WPAN, sensor and ad hoc networks, wireless telemetry, and telemedicine. The book explores issues related to the physical layer, medium access layer, and networking layer. Following an introductory chapter, the book explores three core areas: Analysis of physical layer and technology issues System design elements, including channel modeling, coexistence, and interference mitigation and control Review of MAC and network layer issues, up to the application Case studies present examples such as network and transceiver design, assisting the reader in understanding the application of theory to real-world tasks. Ultra Wideband Wireless Communication enables technical professionals, graduate students, engineers, scientists, and academic and professional researchers in mobile and wireless communications to become conversant with the latest theory and applications by offering a survey of all important topics in the field. It also serves as an advanced mathematical treatise; however, the book is organized to allow non-technical readers to bypass the mathematical treatments and still gain an excellent understanding of both theory and practice.

Author Biography

HÜSEYIN ARSLAN, PhD, is Assistant Professor at the University of South Florida. Dr. Arslan's research interests center on advanced signal processing techniques at the physical layer, with cross-layer design for network adaptivity and quality of service control. He worked at Ericsson Research for about five years and continues his close relations with wireless industries as a consultant and with university sponsored research.

ZHI NING CHEN, PhD, is Adjunct Professor in the Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, China and at the National University of Singapore. Dr. Chen is also Lead Scientist at the Institute for Infocomm Research.

MARIA-GABRIELLA DI BENEDETTO, PhD, is Professor of Telecommunications at the University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy. Dr. Di Benedetto is active in fostering the development of UWB telecommunication systems in Europe and is the Director at Infocom for two European IST projects.

Table of Contents

Preface xv
Contributors xix
Chapter 1 Introduction to Ultra Wideband 1(10)
Hüseyin Arslan and Maria-Gabriella Di Benedetto
1.1 Introduction
1(3)
1.1.1 Benefits of UWB
2(1)
1.1.2 Applications
3(1)
1.1.3 Challenges
3(1)
1.2 Scope of the Book
4(7)
Chapter 2 UWB Channel Estimation and Synchronization 11(32)
Irena Maravic and Martin Vetterli
2.1 Introduction
11(3)
2.2 Channel Estimation at SubNyquist Sampling Rate
14(11)
2.2.1 UWB Channel Model
14(1)
2.2.2 Frequency-Domain Channel Estimation
15(1)
2.2.3 Polynomial Realization of the Model-Based Methods
16(4)
2.2.4 Subspace-Based Approach
20(4)
2.2.5 Estimation of Closely Spaced Paths
24(1)
2.3 Performance Evaluation
25(4)
2.3.1 Analysis of Noise Sensitivity
25(2)
2.3.2 Computational Complexity and Alternative Solutions
27(1)
2.3.3 Numerical Example
28(1)
2.4 Estimating UWB Channels with Frequency-Dependent Distortion
29(3)
2.4.1 Algorithm Outline
31(1)
2.5 Channel Estimation from Multiple Bands
32(2)
2.5.1 Filter Bank Approach
32(1)
2.5.2 Estimation from Nonadjacent Bands
32(2)
2.6 Low-Complexity Rapid Acquisition in UWB Localizers
34(5)
2.6.1 Two-Step Estimation
36(3)
2.7 Conclusions
39(4)
Chapter 3 Ultra Wideband Geolocation 43(34)
Sinan Gezici, Zafer Sahinoglu, Hisashi Kobayashi, and H. Vincent Poor
3.1 Introduction
43(1)
3.2 Signal Model
44(1)
3.3 Positioning Techniques
44(8)
3.3.1 Angle of Arrival
45(4)
3.3.2 Received Signal Strength
49(2)
3.3.3 Time-Based Approaches
51(1)
3.4 Main Sources of Error in Time-Based Positioning
52(3)
3.4.1 Multipath Propagation
52(1)
3.4.2 Multiple Access Interference
53(1)
3.4.3 Nonline-of-Sight Propagation
53(1)
3.4.4 High Time Resolution of UWB Signals
54(1)
3.5 Ranging and Positioning
55(15)
3.5.1 Relationship Between Ranging and Optimal Positioning Algorithms
55(3)
3.5.2 ToA Estimation Algorithms
58(11)
3.5.3 Two-Way Ranging Protocols
69(1)
3.6 Location-Aware Applications
70(1)
3.7 Conclusions
71(6)
Chapter 4 UWB Modulation Options 77(26)
Hüseyin Arslan, Ismail Güenç, and Sadia Ahmed
4.1 Introduction
77(1)
4.2 UWB Signaling Techniques
78(9)
4.2.1 UWB-IR Signaling
79(4)
4.2.2 Multiband UWB
83(2)
4.2.3 Multicarrier UWB
85(1)
4.2.4 OFDM
85(2)
4.3 Data Mapping
87(4)
4.3.1 Binary Data Mapping Schemes
87(2)
4.3.2 M-ary Data Mapping Schemes
89(2)
4.4 Spectral Characteristics
91(1)
4.5 Data Mapping and Transceiver Complexity
92(1)
4.6 Modulation Performances in Practical Conditions
93(6)
4.6.1 Effects of Multipath
93(2)
4.6.2 Effects of Multiple Access Interference
95(1)
4.6.3 Effects of Timing Jitter and Finger Estimation Error
96(3)
4.7 Conclusion
99(4)
Chapter 5 Ultra Wideband Pulse Shaper Design 103(28)
Zhi Tian, Timothy N. Davidson, Xiliang Luo, Xianren Wu, and Georgios B. Giannakis
5.1 Introduction
103(2)
5.2 Transmit Spectrum and Pulse Shaper
105(3)
5.3 FIR Digital Pulse Design
108(2)
5.4 Optimal UWB Single Pulse Design
110(5)
5.4.1 Parks–McClellan Algorithm
110(1)
5.4.2 Optimal UWB Pulse Design via Direct Maximization of NESP
111(2)
5.4.3 Constrained Frequency Response Approximation
113(1)
5.4.4 Constrained Frequency Response Design with Linear Phase Filters
114(1)
5.5 Optimal UWB Orthogonal Pulse Design
115(5)
5.5.1 Orthogonality Formulation
115(2)
5.5.2 Sequential UWB Pulse Design
117(1)
5.5.3 Sequential UWB Pulse Design with Linear Phase Filters
118(2)
5.6 Design Examples and Comparisons
120(8)
5.6.1 Single-Pulse Designs and their Spectral Utilization Efficiency
120(2)
5.6.2 Multiband Pulse Design
122(1)
5.6.3 Multiple Orthogonal Pulse Design
123(2)
5.6.4 Pulse Designs for Narrowband Interference Avoidance
125(1)
5.6.5 Impact of Pulse Designs on Transceiver Power Efficiency
126(2)
5.7 Conclusions
128(3)
Chapter 6 Antenna Issues 131(26)
Zhi Ning Chen
6.1 Introduction
131(1)
6.2 Design Considerations
132(16)
6.2.1 Description of Antenna Systems
132(2)
6.2.2 Single-Band and Multiband Schemes
134(2)
6.2.3 Source Pulses
136(1)
6.2.4 Transmit Antenna and PDS
136(5)
6.2.5 Transmit–Receive Antenna System
141(7)
6.3 Antenna and Pulse versus BER Performance
148(9)
6.3.1 Pulsed UWB System
148(3)
6.3.2 Effects of Antennas and Pulses
151(6)
Chapter 7 Ultra Wideband Receiver Architectures 157(26)
Hüseyin Arslan
7.1 Introduction
157(1)
7.2 System Model
158(2)
7.3 UWB Receiver Related Issues
160(5)
7.3.1 Sampling
160(1)
7.3.2 UWB Channel and Channel Parameters Estimation
161(3)
7.3.3 Interference in UWB
164(1)
7.3.4 Other Receiver-Related Issues
165(1)
7.4 TH-IR-UWB Receiver Options
165(13)
7.4.1 Optimal Matched Filter
167(4)
7.4.2 TR-Based Scheme
171(4)
7.4.3 Differential Detector
175(1)
7.4.4 Energy Detector
176(2)
7.5 Conclusion
178(5)
Chapter 8 Ultra Wideband Channel Modeling and Its Impact on System Design 183(22)
Chia-Chin Chong
8.1 Introduction
183(1)
8.2 Principles and Background of UWB Multipath Propagation Channel Modeling
184(3)
8.2.1 Basic Multipath Propagation Mechanisms
184(1)
8.2.2 Classification of UWB Channel Models
185(2)
8.3 Channel Sounding Techniques
187(2)
8.3.1 Time-Domain Technique
187(1)
8.3.2 Frequency-Domain Technique
188(1)
8.4 UWB Statistical-Based Channel Modeling
189(10)
8.4.1 Modeling Philosophy and Mathematical Framework
189(1)
8.4.2 Large-Scale Channel Characterization
190(3)
8.4.3 Small-Scale Channel Characterization
193(4)
8.4.4 Temporal Dispersion and Correlation Properties
197(2)
8.5 Impact of UWB Channel on System Design
199(1)
8.6 Conclusion
200(5)
Chapter 9 MIMO and UWB 205(22)
Thomas Kaiser
9.1 Introduction
205(1)
9.2 Potential Benefits of MIMO and UWB
206(2)
9.3 Literature Review of UWB Multiantenna Techniques
208(3)
9.3.1 Spatial Multiplexing
208(1)
9.3.2 Spatial Diversity
209(1)
9.3.3 Beamforming
209(1)
9.3.4 Related Topics
210(1)
9.4 Spatial Channel Measurements and Modeling
211(4)
9.4.1 Spatial Channel Measurements
211(2)
9.4.2 Spatial Channel Modeling
213(2)
9.5 Spatial Multiplexing
215(1)
9.6 Spatial Diversity
216(4)
9.7 Beamforming
220(3)
9.8 Conclusion and Outlook
223(4)
Chapter 10 Multiple-Access Interference Mitigation in Ultra Wideband Systems 227(28)
Sinan Gezici, Hisashi Kobayashi, and H. Vincent Poor
10.1 Introduction
227(1)
10.2 Signal Model
228(3)
10.2.1 Transmitted Signal
228(1)
10.2.2 Received Signal
229(2)
10.3 Multiple-Access Interference Mitigation at the Receiver Side
231(13)
10.3.1 Maximum-Likelihood Sequence Detection
232(1)
10.3.2 Linear Receivers
232(8)
10.3.3 Iterative (Turbo) Algorithms
240(3)
10.3.4 Other Receiver Structures
243(1)
10.4 Multiple-Access Interference Mitigation at the Transmitter Side
244(4)
10.4.1 Time-Hopping Sequence Design for MAI Mitigation
245(1)
10.4.2 Pseudochaotic Time Hopping
246(1)
10.4.3 Multistage Block-Spreading UWB Access
247(1)
10.5 Concluding Remarks
248(7)
Chapter 11 Narrowband Interference Issues in Ultra Wideband Systems 255(22)
Hüseyin Arslan and Mustafa E. Sahin
11.1 Introduction
255(3)
11.2 Effect of NBI in UWB Systems
258(3)
11.3 Avoiding NBI
261(6)
11.3.1 Multicarrier Approach
261(2)
11.3.2 Multiband Schemes
263(1)
11.3.3 Pulse Shaping
264(2)
11.3.4 Other NBI Avoidance Methods
266(1)
11.4 Canceling NBI
267(4)
11.4.1 MMSE Combining
268(1)
11.4.2 Frequency Domain Techniques
268(1)
11.4.3 Time–Frequency Domain Techniques
269(1)
11.4.4 Time Domain Techniques
270(1)
11.5 Conclusion and Future Research
271(6)
Chapter 12 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing for Ultra Wideband Communications 277(20)
Ebrahim Saberina and Ahmed H. Tewfik
12.1 Introduction
277(1)
12.2 Multiband OFDM System
278(6)
12.2.1 Band Planning
278(1)
12.2.2 Sub-Band Hopping
278(2)
12.2.3 OFDM Modulation
280(1)
12.2.4 Frequency Repetition Spreading
280(1)
12.2.5 Time Repetition Spreading
280(1)
12.2.6 Coding
281(1)
12.2.7 Supported Bit Rates
281(1)
12.2.8 MB-OFDM Transceiver
282(1)
12.2.9 Improvement to MB-OFDM
283(1)
12.3 Multiband Pulsed-OFDM UWB system
284(6)
12.3.1 Pulsed-OFDM Transmitter
284(1)
12.3.2 Pulsed-OFDM Signal Spectrum
284(2)
12.3.3 Digital Equivalent Model and Diversity of Pulsed-OFDM
286(2)
12.3.4 Pulsed-OFDM Receiver
288(1)
12.3.5 Selecting the Up-sampling Factor
289(1)
12.4 Comparing MB-OFDM and MB-Pulsed-OFDM systems
290(5)
12.4.1 System Parameters
290(1)
12.4.2 Complexity Comparision
290(1)
12.4.3 Power Consumption Comparison
290(1)
12.4.4 Chip Area Comparison
291(2)
12.4.5 Performance Comparison
293(2)
12.5 Conclusion
295(2)
Chapter 13 UWB Networks and Applications 297(18)
Krishna M. Sivalingam and Aniruddha Rangnekar
13.1 Introduction
297(1)
13.2 Background
298(2)
13.2.1 UWB Physical Layer
298(1)
13.2.2 IEEE 802.15.3 Standards
299(1)
13.3 Medium Access Protocols
300(10)
13.3.1 IEEE 802.15.3 MAC Protocol
300(3)
13.3.2 Impact of UWB Channel Acquisition Time
303(2)
13.3.3 Multiple Channels
305(5)
13.4 Network Applications
310(1)
13.5 Summary and Discussion
311(1)
Acknowledgments
311(4)
Chapter 14 Low-Bit-Rate UWB Networks 315(26)
Luca DeNardis and Gian Mario Maggio
14.1 Low Data-Rate UWB Network Applications
315(6)
14.1.1 802.15.4a: A Short History
315(1)
14.1.2 The 802.15.4a PHY
316(1)
14.1.3 PHY: 802.15.4a versus 802.15.4
316(1)
14.1.4 Technical Requirements
317(2)
14.1.5 Applications
319(2)
14.2 The 802.15.4 MAC Standard
321(3)
14.2.1 Network Devices and Topologies
321(1)
14.2.2 Medium Access Strategy
322(2)
14.2.3 From 802.15.4 to 802.15.4a
324(1)
14.3 Advanced MAC Design for Low-Bit-Rate UWB Networks
324(17)
14.3.1 (UWB)²: Uncoordinated, Wireless, Baseborn Medium Access for UWB Communication Networks
325(3)
14.3.2 Transmission Procedure
328(3)
14.3.3 Reception Procedure
331(2)
14.3.4 Simulation Results
333(8)
Chapter 15 An Overview of Routing Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 341(88)
David A. Sumy, Branimir Vojcic, and Jinghao Xu
15.1 Introduction
341(2)
15.2 Ad Hoc Networks
343(2)
15.3 Routing in MANETs
345(1)
15.4 Proactive Routing
345(19)
15.4.1 DSDV
346(2)
15.4.2 WRP
348(2)
15.4.3 CGSR
350(1)
15.4.4 STAR
351(1)
15.4.5 HSR
352(3)
15.4.6 OLSR
355(1)
15.4.7 TBRPF
356(2)
15.4.8 DREAM
358(2)
15.4.9 GSR
360(1)
15.4.10 FSR
360(2)
15.4.11 HR
362(1)
15.4.12 HSLS and A-HSLS
363(1)
15.5 Reactive Routing
364(29)
15.5.1 DSR
365(2)
15.5.2 ARA
367(2)
15.5.3 ABR
369(3)
15.5.4 AODV
372(2)
15.5.5 BSR
374(2)
15.5.6 CHAMP
376(1)
15.5.7 DYMO
377(1)
15.5.8 DNVR
378(2)
15.5.9 LAR
380(1)
15.5.10 LBR
381(2)
15.5.11 MPABR
383(1)
15.5.12 NDMR
384(1)
15.5.13 PLBM
385(2)
15.5.14 RDMAR
387(1)
15.5.15 SOAR
388(3)
15.5.16 TORA
391(2)
15.6 Power-Aware Routing
393(7)
15.6.1 BEE
394(1)
15.6.2 EADSR
395(1)
15.6.3 MTPR/MBCR/MMBCR/CMMBCR
395(1)
15.6.4 PARO
396(2)
15.6.5 PAWF
398(2)
15.6.6 MFP/MIP/MFPenergy/MIP - energy
400(1)
15.7 Hybrid Routing
400(10)
15.7.1 MultiWARP
401(1)
15.7.2 SHARP
402(1)
15.7.3 SLURP
403(3)
15.7.4 ZRP
406(2)
15.7.5 AZRP
408(1)
15.7.6 IZR
408(1)
15.7.7 TZRP
408(2)
15.8 Other
410(1)
15.9 Conclusion
411(7)
Appendix
418(11)
Chapter 16 Adaptive UWB Systems 429(22)
Francesca Cuomo and Crishna Martello
16.1 Introduction
429(3)
16.1.1 Related Work on Adaptive UWB Systems
431(1)
16.2 A Distributed Power-Regulated Admission Control Scheme for UWB
432(7)
16.2.1 Problem Formalization
434(1)
16.2.2 Power Selection in UWB
435(3)
16.2.3 Steps of the Access Scheme
438(1)
16.3 Performance Analysis
439(10)
16.3.1 Impact of the Initial MEI on Performance of MEI-Based Power Regulation Schemes
442(3)
16.3.2 Performance Behavior as a Function of the Offered Load
445(4)
16.4 Summary
449(2)
Chapter 17 UWB Location and Tracking—A Practical Example of an UWB-Based Sensor Network 451(30)
Ian Oppennann, Kegen Yu, Alberto Rabbachin, Lucian Stoica, Paul Cheong, Jean-Philippe Montillet, and Sakari Tiuraniemi
17.1 Introduction
451(1)
17.2 Multiple Access in UWB Sensor Systems
452(2)
17.2.1 Location/Ranging Support
453(1)
17.2.2 Constraints and Implications of UWB Technologies on MAC Design
453(1)
17.3 UWB Sensor Network Case Study
454(2)
17.4 System Description—UWEN
456(3)
17.4.1 Communications System
456(1)
17.4.2 Transmitted Signal
456(2)
17.4.3 Framing Structure
458(1)
17.4.4 Location Approach
458(1)
17.5 System Implementation
459(4)
17.5.1 Transceiver Overview
459(1)
17.5.2 Transmitter
460(2)
17.5.3 UWB Pulse Generator
462(1)
17.6 Location System
463(5)
17.7 Position Calculation Methods
468(5)
17.8 Tracking Moving Objects
473(3)
17.8.1 Simulation Results
474(2)
17.9 Conclusion
476(1)
Acknowledgments
477(4)
Index 481

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