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9781583214367

Fluence Monitoring in Uv Disinfection Systems

by ; ; ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9781583214367

  • ISBN10:

    1583214364

  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2006-07-31
  • Publisher: Amer Water Works Assn
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Summary

The research described in this report focused on the photolysis of a chemical substance giving a linear relation between the formation level of the photo product and the applied dose Objectives were to: develop an online fluence meter based on a Uvsensitive chemical for which the formation level of the photo product has a clear relation with the applied UV dose and to find naturally occurring substances or chemicals to be dosed that would be sensitive towards UVC light (200285 nm) and would give accurately measurable photo products in the 01000 J/m2 dose range Based on an initial study nitrate as a naturally occurring compound and the ferric ion/ ferrous ion (Fe3+/Fe2+) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)/benzoate systems as chemicals to be dosed were selected for further research

Table of Contents

List of Tablesp. vii
List of Figuresp. ix
Forewordp. xi
Acknowledgmentsp. xiii
Executive Summaryp. xv
Introductionp. 1
Benefits for Water Utilitiesp. 1
Criteria for Selection of Compoundsp. 2
Approach and Strategyp. 2
Scope of This Reportp. 3
Selection of Compoundsp. 5
Backgroundp. 7
Nitrate Ion Photochemistryp. 7
Photochemistry of the Fe[superscript 3+]/Fe[superscript 2+] Systemp. 11
Photochemistry of the H[subscript 2]0[subscript 2]/Benzoate Systemp. 12
UV Dose Monitoring Versus Reduction Equivalent Fluencep. 13
Summaryp. 14
Nitrate Ion Photochemistryp. 14
Photochemistry of the Fe[superscript 3+]/Fe[superscript 2+] Systemp. 14
Photochemistry of the H[subscript 2]0[subscript 2]/Benzoate Systemp. 14
Materials and Methodsp. 15
Overviewp. 15
Nitrate Ionp. 15
Experimental Overviewp. 15
Tests and Reagentsp. 15
Analysis Methodsp. 17
The Fe[superscript 3+]/Fe[superscript 2+] and H[subscript 2]0[subscript 2]/Benzoate Systemsp. 17
Experimental Overviewp. 17
Reagentsp. 17
Experimental Watersp. 18
Photolysis Experimentsp. 18
Fe[superscript 2+] Analysisp. 19
H[subscript 2]0[subscript 2] Analysisp. 19
Hydroxybenzoic Acid Analysisp. 19
Results and Discussionp. 21
Naturally Occurring Compoundsp. 21
Nitrate Ionp. 21
Compounds Dosedp. 31
The Fe[superscript 3+]/Fe[superscript 2+] Systemp. 31
The H[subscript 2]0[subscript 2]/Benzoate Systemp. 39
Summaryp. 42
Proposed System for Fluence Monitoringp. 45
Introductionp. 45
Proposed Monitoring Protocolp. 45
Data Handlingp. 49
Calculation Procedure 1p. 49
Calculation Procedure 2p. 49
Calculation Exercise for Correction of Nitrite Datap. 49
Conclusionsp. 51
Naturally Occurring Compoundsp. 51
Nitrate-Nitrite Conversionp. 51
Compounds Dosedp. 52
The Fe[superscript 3+]/Fe[superscript 2+] and the H[subscript 2]0[subscript 2]/Benzoate Systemsp. 52
Referencesp. 55
Abbreviationsp. 57
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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